 |
| 1 | |
In Piaget's theory, an organized unit of knowledge is called a(n) |
| | A) | adaptation. |
| | B) | schema. |
| | C) | operation. |
| | D) | assimilation. |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
Two-year-old Miguel visits the zoo for the first time. When passing the lion cage, Miguel exclaims, "Kitty!" Miguel is demonstrating |
| | A) | assimilation. |
| | B) | equilibration. |
| | C) | accommodation. |
| | D) | adaptation. |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
When a child adjusts an existing schemata to fit a new experience, the child is |
| | A) | assimilating. |
| | B) | accommodating. |
| | C) | organizing. |
| | D) | conserving. |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
Ray, age 5 months, watches as Mom places his teddy bear beneath his blanket during a game of peek-a-boo. Mom observes that Ray forgets about his bear if she leaves it hidden for more than a few seconds. According to Piaget, Ray has not yet developed |
| | A) | primary circular reactions. |
| | B) | basic reflex activity. |
| | C) | object permanence. |
| | D) | assimilation. |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
Alice's 3-month-old baby, Amy, finds sucking her fingers very pleasurable after accidentally placing her hand in her mouth one day. Amy now prefers to suck on her fingers instead of her pacifier. Amy is most likely in which stage of development? |
| | A) | basic reflex activity |
| | B) | primary circular reactions |
| | C) | coordination of secondary schema |
| | D) | tertiary circular reactions |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
According to Piaget, in the substage called "coordination of secondary circular reactions" an infant is able to |
| | A) | plan deliberately to attain a goal. |
| | B) | think symbolically. |
| | C) | experiment with external objects. |
| | D) | engage in internal problem solving. |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
One-year-old Ashley continually drops objects from her highchair and appears to be fascinated by watching the objects fall. Ashley is most likely at which stage of Piaget's theory? |
| | A) | secondary circular reactions |
| | B) | tertiary circular reactions |
| | C) | primary circular reactions |
| | D) | coordination of secondary reactions |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
Which of the following is an example of a core knowledge system? |
| | A) | event knowledge |
| | B) | symbolic thought |
| | C) | reversibility |
| | D) | deferred imitation |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
According to Piaget, the preconceptual substage is characterized by |
| | A) | animistic thinking. |
| | B) | conservation. |
| | C) | understanding part-whole relations. |
| | D) | concrete thinking. |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
Which of the following is a criticism of Piaget's three-mountains task? |
| | A) | The mountains contained too many familiar items, such as snowcaps and trees. |
| | B) | The task of reconstructing the display may be beyond a young child's ability. |
| | C) | The task was never cross-culturally tested. |
| | D) | Many children were not familiar with mountains. |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
Three-year-old Kasey saw a tree with droopy leaves and commented that the tree was "tired." Kasey's thinking reflects |
| | A) | object permanence. |
| | B) | reversibility. |
| | C) | centration. |
| | D) | animistic thinking. |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
One reason preoperational children are not able to solve conservation tasks is that they focus on only one dimension of an object. Piaget referred to this as |
| | A) | animistic. |
| | B) | centration. |
| | C) | ends over means focus. |
| | D) | reversibility. |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
Researchers use a "false-belief task" to study which of the following? |
| | A) | theory of mind |
| | B) | reciprocal perspective |
| | C) | concrete operations |
| | D) | reversibility |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
According to Vygotsky, voluntary attention as well as logical and abstract thinking are part of |
| | A) | formal operations. |
| | B) | elementary mental functions. |
| | C) | higher mental functions. |
| | D) | the zone of proximal development. |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
An application of Vygotsky's theory to enhance reading comprehension is called |
| | A) | scaffolding. |
| | B) | reciprocal instruction. |
| | C) | community of learners. |
| | D) | guided participation. |
|
|
.