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1Muscles are usually arranged on the skeleton in protagonistic pairs.
A)True
B)False


2Muscles attach to bones by connective tissue called tendons.
A)True
B)False


3Define origin.


4Define insertion.


5


retractors
6


supinators
7


flexors
8


pronators
9


extensors
10


adductors
11


protractors
12


abductors
Answer choices:
A)rotate palm or bottom of foot downward
B)move an appendage away from the midline of the body
C)move an appendage backward
D)move an appendage forward
E)rotate palm or bottom of foot upward
F)decrease the angle of a joint
G)increase the angle of a joint
H)move an appendage toward the midline of the body


13In rats, which muscles cover the ribs?


14In rats, which muscle is below the scruff of the neck?


15Name three muscles of the rear leg of a rat.


16The function of the gastrocnemius is to ________ the foot.
A)extend
B)flex
C)abduct
D)adduct
E)pronate


17Where is the insertion of the spinotrapezius?
A)cervical vertebrae
B)thoracic vertebrae
C)scapula
D)humerus


18List the three types of salivary glands.


19What is the function of the thyroid gland?
A)regulate blood calcium
B)regulate metabolic rates
C)regulate levels of adrenaline
D)regulate the immune system


20The diaphragm muscle separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
A)True
B)False


21The heart is covered by a thin membrane called the ________.
A)atrium
B)endocardium
C)pericardium
D)epicardium


22The coelom is the body cavity within which the viscera are suspended.
A)True
B)False


23Name the four regions of the peritoneum.


24Name the four lobes of the liver.


25Name the two sphincters of the stomach.


26


spleen
27


colon
28


pancreas
29


small intestine
30


liver
Answer choices:
A)formation, storage and destruction of blood cells
B)final stages of digestion; water absorption
C)produces digestive enzymes; secretes insulin into blood stream
D)primary site of nutrient absorption
E)transforming digested nutrients into various molecules needed by the body


31List the five sections of the colon.





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