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Chapter Summary
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  • Verbal and nonverbal codes work in conjunction with each other.
  • People often have difficulty interpreting nonverbal codes because
     •   They use the same code to communicate a variety of meanings.
     •   They use a variety of codes to communicate the same meaning.
  • Nonverbal codes consist of nonword symbols such as
     •   Bodily movements and facial expression.
     •   Bodily appearance.
     •   Personal space.
     •   Time.
     •   Touching.
     •   Vocal cues.
     •   Clothing and artifacts.
  • You can solve some of the difficulties in interpreting nonverbal codes if you
     •   Consider all of the variables in each communication situation.
     •   Consider all of the available verbal and nonverbal codes.
     •   Use descriptive feedback to minimize misunderstandings.







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