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Chapter Summary
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The study of intercultural communication is important because:
  • We are increasingly exposed to people of other cultures and co-cultures.
  • We have an economic need to relate to others.
  • We are curious about others.
Co-cultures communicate with the dominant culture with different goals.
  • The three goals of co-cultural communication with the dominant culture are separation, accommodation, and assimilation.
Ethnocentrism and stereotyping result in communication problems in both intercultural and co-cultural interactions.

Cultural barriers can be reduced by learning the norms and values of other cultures.

Cultures can be characterized by variations such as:
  • Individualistic versus collectivist cultures.
  • Low-context versus high-context cultures.
  • Uncertainty-accepting versus uncertainty-rejecting cultures.
  • Implicit-rule versus explicit-rule cultures.
  • M-time versus P-time cultures.
You can strive to improve your own communication competence by:
  • Conducting a personal self-assessment.
  • Practicing supportive communication behaviors.
  • Developing sensitivity toward diversity.
  • Avoiding stereotypes.
  • Avoiding ethnocentrism.
  • Developing code sensitivity.
  • Seeking shared codes.
  • Using descriptive feedback.
  • Opening communication channels.
  • Managing conflicting beliefs and practices.







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