| analytic proposition | A proposition that is a logical truth or can be turned into a logical truth by substituting synonyms for synonyms.
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| a posteriori knowledge | Knowledge based on sense experience.
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| a priori knowledge | Knowledge that can be acquired prior to or independently of sense experience.
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| causal theory | The doctrine that knowledge is suitably caused true belief.
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| cognitive cultural relativism | The doctrine that a proposition is made true by a society believing it to be true.
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| cognitive subjectivism | The doctrine that a proposition is made true by one’s believing it to be true.
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| coherence theory of truth | The doctrine that a proposition is made true by its coherence with a system of beliefs.
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| correspondence theory of truth | The doctrine that a proposition is made true by its correspondence with reality.
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| defeasibility theory | The doctrine that knowledge is undefeated justified true belief.
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| direct realism | The doctrine that perception puts us in direct contact with reality.
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| empiricism | The doctrine that sense experience is the only source of knowledge of the external world.
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| explanationist theory | The doctrine that knowledge is justified true belief that provides the best explanation for the justifying evidence.
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| foundationalism | The theory of knowledge that maintains (1) that there are basic beliefs and (2) that the justification of all other beliefs depends on the basic beliefs.
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| knowledge by acquaintance | Knowledge of what it is to have a certain experience.
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| minimal correspondence theory | The doctrine that a proposition is true if and only if things are as it says they are.
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| performative knowledge | Knowledge of how to perform a certain activity.
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| phenomenalism | The view that all talk of things is reducible to talk of sensations.
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| philosophical skepticism | The doctrine that we have no knowledge of some realms, such as the external world.
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| pragmatic theory of truth | The doctrine that a proposition is made true by its practical consequences.
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| primary qualities | Qualities possessed by material objects.
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| propositional knowledge | Knowledge of whether a proposition is true or false.
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| rationalism | The doctrine that reason is a source of knowledge of the external world.
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| reliability theory | The doctrine that knowledge is reliably produced true belief.
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| representative realism | The doctrine that sensations are caused by external objects and that our sensations represent those objects.
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| secondary qualities | Qualities that exist in the mind but not in material objects themselves.
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| sense data | The objects that are immediately known in sensation.
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| synthetic proposition | A proposition that is not analytic.
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