With the growing size of the orchestra, the emphasis on folk and ethnic rhythms, and the new style known as primitivism, the music of the early twentieth century featured more percussion sounds.

1. Make a list of twenty (20) percussion instruments
2. Describe each instrument and how it produces sound.
1. Is the percussion instrument tunable?
2. Does the percussion instrument produce specific pitches?

Claude Debussy originally wrote his prelude "La Cathédrale engloutie" (The Engulfed Cathedral) for piano.

The music was based on an old tale of the cathedral of a mighty city. The inhabitants of the city had built a mighty cathedral to honor their new Christian god. However, they continued to pay homage to their previous pagan deities, and gradually ignored Him for whom they had built the beautiful new cathedral, bringing upon them a natural catastrophe that submerged the entire city beneath the sea. The true God took pity upon his few virtuous subjects who had continued to believe in him and decreed that once every century, on the anniversary of the city's destruction, the cathedral would emerge from the sea for one day, and then return to its watery grave. (based on program notes written by C. Michael Kelly for the Immaculata Symphony)

1. Listen to a recording of Debussy's "La Cathédrale engloutie" and reflect on his depiction of the engulfed cathedral.
1. Did Debussy's music give you the impression of the cathedral emerging from and then sinking back into the water?
2. What aspects of the music helped you imagine the old tale?
2. Without telling a family member or friend the old tale, have them listen to this piece and ask them to give you their impressions of the music. Report your findings.

The beginning of the twentieth century brought new ideas, inventions, and innovations.

1. Gather information about the following people and write about their influence at the turn of the twentieth century.
1. Henry Ford
2. Wilbur Wright
3. Edwin Binney
4. Frank Epperson
5. Sigmund Freud
2. How did these people influence our lives?
3. Describe two other inventions or innovations of the early twentiety century that continue to influence our lives.