 | Chapter Outline
(See related pages)
- Why elections are 'in vogue' even in non-democratic states
- Elections as a way to appear democratic
- Allowing mass of people to have some direct say in the choice of leaders and policies
- Allow state to mobilize its people and to build up their support for the state
- Elections as a means of building support
- Elections as a means of selecting leaders and policies
- Box: Difficulties of elections in new democracies (2002 Election in Papua New Guinea)
- Electoral systems
- Single Member District Plurality (SMDP) vs. Proportional Representation (PR) systems
- SMDP bias
- Referendums
- When, where used
- Downside
- Electoral Participation
- Level of participation, by geography
- Effects of choice and information on turnout
- Box: Best Levels of Participation
- The "paradox of voting"
- Bases of individuals' electoral choices
- Short term factors
- Long term factors
- Party identification
- Social factors
- Examples
- Proportional Representation Elections in Israel
- Elections in Nigeria
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