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Essay Quiz

1
Three Australopithecus species have been collectively identified as "robust australopiths." The name does not reference their body size as much as it does certain cranial features. Although not our ancestors, these robust species are close relatives even though some anthropologists suggest they be given their own genus, Paranthropus. What is it in particular about these cranial features of the robust species that is so significant, and what do these features tell you about how they lived?
2
There is anatomical evidence that suggests that early hominin were both active climbers and also that they were bipedal. Why did bipedalism evolve? Several hypotheses have been suggested to explain the evolutionary advantages. What are the more prominent ones to explain why bipedalism evolved? Which do you find the most plausible and why?





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