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Multiple Choice Quiz

1
The definition of a breeding population is all the people of reproductive age within
A)a village
B)an island
C)an ethnic group
D)all of these
2
Counting the number of each type of allele in a population and dividing by the total number of alleles in the population provides
A)number of individuals
B)genotype frequency
C)allele frequency
D)phenotype frequency
3
An example of selection against the heterozygote is
A)the Rhesus blood group
B)human birth weight
C)the sickle cell allele
D)achrondoplastic dwarfism
4
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model states that genotype and allele frequencies for a certain allele will remain constant from one generation to the next
A)only when the allele is dominant
B)only when the allele is recessive
C)under any conditions
D)under certain limits and conditions
5
The assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model are that mating within the population is random, there is no difference in fertility or survival or different genotypes, there is no gene flow, no genetic drift, and
A)no meiosis
B)no recombination
C)no mutation
D)none of these
6
Changes in the frequency of alleles in a population caused by random, chance events are
A)gene flow
B)genetic drift
C)more likely to occur in small populations
D)genetic drift and are more likely to occur in small populations
7
Change in genotype frequencies without change in allele frequencies is brought about through
A)random mating
B)nonrandom mating
C)genetic drift
D)gene flow
8
Which of the following is true?
A)mutation causes major changes in allele frequency
B)mutations can only occur in one direction
C)mutation introduces new alleles into a population
D)mutation does not contribute to changes in allele frequency
9
The analysis of natural selection focuses on the probability of survival and reproduction of an organism, known as
A)survival advantage
B)selection pressure
C)fitness
D)environmental factors
10
Sickle cell anemia is subject to what selection pressure?
A)selection against recessive homozygotes
B)selection for recessive homozygotes
C)selection for heterozygotes
D)selection against recessive homozygotes AND selection for heterozygotes
11
Achondroplastic dwarfism if caused by a dominant allele. Most dwarfs (80%) are born of two normal parents. This means
A)one of the parents had the dwarfism allele
B)both parents contributed the dwarfism allele
C)dwarfism is the result of a mutation in the sex cells
D)one of the parents had the dwarfism allele OR dwarfism is the result of a mutation in the sex cells
12
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease caused by a recessive allele. The allele confers some resistance to tuberculosis. In this case, cystic fibrosis is subject to
A)selection against recessive homozygotes
B)selection for recessive homozygotes
C)selection for heterozygotes
D)selection against recessive homozygotes AND selection for heterozygotes
13
Selection of complex traits that selects against both extremes of a trait's range is
A)stabilizing selection
B)directional selection
C)balancing selection
D)stabilizing selection AND balancing selection
14
The selection pressure for increased brain size in humans over the past 4 million years is an example of
A)stabilizing selection
B)directional selection
C)balancing selection
D)stabilizing selection AND balancing selection
15
The introduction of alleles from one population into another is due to
A)mutation
B)genetic drift
C)gene flow
D)natural selection
16
A factor affecting gene flow between human populations is
A)geographic distance
B)ethnic differences
C)founder effect
D)geographic distance AND ethnic differences
17
Genetic drift, given enough time and no other evolutionary forces, will lead to which result?
A)increased genetic variation within a population
B)reduced genetic variation within a population
C)no change in allele frequencies within a population
D)none of these
18
Gene flow leads to which result?
A)increased genetic variation within a population
B)reduced genetic variation within a population
C)no change in allele frequencies within a population
D)none of these
19
Genetic variation between populations decreases through which evolutionary force?
A)nonrandom mating
B)genetic drift
C)gene flow
D)A and B
20
Tay-Sachs disease is due to any of several mutant alleles. One possible explanation for its prevalence in Ashkenazi populations is that the alleles provide resistance to
A)sickle cell anemia
B)tuberculosis
C)malaria
D)sickle cell anemia AND malaria





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