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| 1 | |
The chapter introduction tells the story of the Battle of Bunker Hill to make the point that |
| | A) | Americans won their revolution by pitting dedicated amateur soldiers against the might of Britain's professional redcoats. |
| | B) | initially the war went badly for the Americans, testing their commitment to liberty and independence. |
| | C) | a key question in that battle and throughout the war was whether Americans would really fight to win their independence. |
| | D) | declaring independence was one thing, but after the Declaration, actually fighting against the authority of one's own king was quite another. |
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| 2 | |
During the first year of the Revolution, American war aims shifted from a desire for redress of grievances to a demand for complete independence. All of the following influenced this shift EXCEPT |
| | A) | the impact of Tom Paine's Common Sense. |
| | B) | Washington's refusal to command the Continental Army until independence was declared. |
| | C) | congressional actions that would be appropriate only to an independent government. |
| | D) | British attempts to crush American resistance by force at Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill. |
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| 3 | |
The Declaration of Independence based the case for independence on |
| | A) | the violations of colonials' "rights as Englishmen." |
| | B) | Parliament's infringements of American liberty. |
| | C) | George III's infringements of American liberty. |
| | D) | the argument that monarchical government violated both reason and the Bible. |
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| 4 | |
What was the most dominant common characteristic among the diverse group of people who remained loyal to Britain? |
| | A) | They were devout Christians who believed the Bible commanded obedience to authority. |
| | B) | They were old-stock wealthy planters and merchants from the coastal areas whose families had long prospered under British rule. |
| | C) | They owed their livelihood and social status to crown appointments, and thus were unmoved by constitutional arguments. |
| | D) | They were fearful of divisions and instability within American society. |
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| 5 | |
Congress appointed Washington commander-in-chief of the newly created Continental Army for all of the following reasons EXCEPT |
| | A) | his wealth and political connections. |
| | B) | he was young enough to lead a campaign. |
| | C) | he was a southerner. |
| | D) | he was a celebrated veteran of the Seven Years' War. |
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| 6 | |
Most republican leaders |
| | A) | wanted a professional military establishment. |
| | B) | wanted a large standing army. |
| | C) | wanted "citizen-soldiers" to form the backbone of the common defense. |
| | D) | wanted to institute a military draft. |
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| 7 | |
After evacuating Boston, the British army took the initiative, launching a successful assault on |
| | A) | New York City. |
| | B) | Philadelphia. |
| | C) | the Carolina backcountry. |
| | D) | the Jersey shore. |
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| 8 | |
British occupation of New York and Philadelphia |
| | A) | strengthened support for the rebellion. |
| | B) | made civilians realize the hopelessness of the revolutionary cause. |
| | C) | created additional support for the Crown. |
| | D) | led to a series of riots. |
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| 9 | |
All of the following describe the American relationship with the French EXCEPT |
| | A) | the French provided secret aid as a way to gain revenge against the British. |
| | B) | the French offered an overt alliance in hopes they could regain their lost North American possessions. |
| | C) | the Americans sought French aid despite unsettling memories of recently fighting against them. |
| | D) | the Americans negotiated a treaty with the British, and then persuaded their French allies to go along. |
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| 10 | |
Which of the following best explains the reason for French involvement in the American Revolution? |
| | A) | They expected to be able to regain territory in North America. |
| | B) | They sympathized with the republican principles by which the Americans fought. |
| | C) | The successful British occupation of Philadelphia convinced them that the Americans were losing and needed help. |
| | D) | Hungry for revenge, they feared the Americans would reconcile with Britain, their historic enemy. |
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| 11 | |
The Continental Army |
| | A) | primarily consisted of respectable propertied farmers and artisans by 1777. |
| | B) | consistently received sufficient food and supplies from Congress. |
| | C) | mutinied in 1781 and marched on Philadelphia, demanding better food and clothing as well as back pay. |
| | D) | gained discipline through the continued efforts of their American officers. |
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| 12 | |
The war for independence had the following impact on most Native Americans: |
| | A) | It changed little about their lives. |
| | B) | Their loyalty to the British caused a further deterioration in their status in American society. |
| | C) | Their loyalty to the American cause improved their status in the new nation. |
| | D) | European and American efforts to force them to choose sides in the conflict generally divided and weakened their economic and political power. |
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| 13 | |
The British believed the war could be won in the South for all of the following reasons EXCEPT |
| | A) | for the presence of strong loyalist support in the backcountry. |
| | B) | for the hatred of New England throughout the region. |
| | C) | for the resentment of planters on the seaboard. |
| | D) | that the fear of slave rebellions would prevent the rebels from concentrating all of their military force against the British. |
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| 14 | |
What was the role of African Americans in the revolution? |
| | A) | As the war dragged on, blacks-especially northern free blacks-were increasingly welcome to enlist. |
| | B) | Americans generally avoided arming blacks, and the British failed to take sufficient advantage of slaves as a potential resource. |
| | C) | Though still enslaved, they rallied around the revolutionary rhetoric of freedom, uniformly supporting the American cause. |
| | D) | Very few slaves escaped to freedom; those who did found themselves welcomed in the North, the West Indies, or Canada. |
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| 15 | |
Which is the best statement of why the British signed the Peace Treaty granting American independence? |
| | A) | The Americans had driven their army out of North America. |
| | B) | The French had driven their navy from the high seas. |
| | C) | The timing of the occasional American victories led to a global situation where the British needed to salvage the rest of their empire by cutting their American losses. |
| | D) | They had sent a commission offering peace on pre-war terms, which the Congress accepted in all particulars except refusing to remain in the empire. |
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