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| 1 | |
The Second Triumvirate included all but which of the following men? |
| | A) | Julius Caesar |
| | B) | Lepidus |
| | C) | Marc Antony |
| | D) | Octavian |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following factors contributed least to the deification of Augustus Caesar? |
| | A) | his immense popularity with the Roman people |
| | B) | his insistence that he be worshipped as a god |
| | C) | Virgil's famous epic the Aeneid. |
| | D) | his ancestral claims |
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| 3 | |
At a young age, Marcus Aurelius, an emperor highly educated in law, embraced the principles and customs of |
| | A) | Cynicism. |
| | B) | Christianity. |
| | C) | Stoicism. |
| | D) | Judaism. |
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| 4 | |
Augustus increased the strength of his army through a policy of Romanization which entailed |
| | A) | taxing peasants heavily. |
| | B) | recruiting noncitizens into the army. |
| | C) | annexing foreign territories. |
| | D) | encouraging intermarriage of Romans and conquered peoples. |
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| 5 | |
Roman law exempted women who bore three children from |
| | A) | taxes. |
| | B) | participation in Roman cults. |
| | C) | male guardianship. |
| | D) | marriage. |
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| 6 | |
Roman physicians believed that sexual intercourse |
| | A) | strengthened men and weakened women. |
| | B) | weakened men but did not have the same impact on women. |
| | C) | was immoral and should be discouraged. |
| | D) | should be avoided in the days following a woman's menstrual cycle. |
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| 7 | |
Which of the following spectacles was least likely to be seen at the Colosseum? |
| | A) | contests of poetry and drama |
| | B) | public executions |
| | C) | hunts of exotic animals |
| | D) | gladiatorial combats |
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| 8 | |
Septimius' reforms may have kept some of Rome's problems at bay, but the legacy of _____ threatened Rome's stability. |
| | A) | multiculturalism |
| | B) | territorial expansion |
| | C) | an expensive and powerful army |
| | D) | a civilian government |
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| 9 | |
Diocletian organized the government into a tetrarchy, which divided the empire into |
| | A) | thirds. |
| | B) | four parts. |
| | C) | a northern and a southern half. |
| | D) | dioceses. |
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| 10 | |
The most important factor in the so-called "fall of Rome" was |
| | A) | invasions of people from the north. |
| | B) | economic prosperity which led to complacency. |
| | C) | invasions of people from the south. |
| | D) | extended periods of peace and political stability which made imperial power seem unnecessary. |
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| 11 | |
The people who attracted to new philosophies like Neoplatonism were rarely |
| | A) | educated |
| | B) | prosperous |
| | C) | leisured |
| | D) | oppressed |
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| 12 | |
Septimius and his wife portrayed themselves as |
| | A) | Dionysus and a female worshipper. |
| | B) | Stoics. |
| | C) | followers of the Great Mother. |
| | D) | Serapis. |
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| 13 | |
Herod rose to power in Hebron, and with the support of _____, the Roman Senate made him king of Judea. |
| | A) | Octavian |
| | B) | Titus |
| | C) | the Sadducees |
| | D) | Julius Caesar |
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| 14 | |
For the Zealots, _____ was a crucial event that shaped their approach toward the problem of maintaining a Jewish identity. |
| | A) | the Maccabean revolt |
| | B) | the destruction of the First Temple |
| | C) | the destruction of the Second temple |
| | D) | the Exodus |
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| 15 | |
Like many others in the Roman world, the apostles believed that _____ indicated divine presence. |
| | A) | martyrdom |
| | B) | a large following |
| | C) | a message of peace and love |
| | D) | a prophecy and miracles |
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| 16 | |
In the earliest period of the spread of Christianity, converts in major cities usually met in |
| | A) | makeshift churches. |
| | B) | Jewish temples. |
| | C) | the houses of other converts. |
| | D) | public places like the amphitheater. |
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| 17 | |
In the third century, emperors trying to quell a crisis tried to force all subjects of the empire to |
| | A) | worship the imperial cult. |
| | B) | worship the cult of Isis. |
| | C) | convert to Christianity. |
| | D) | tolerate other religions. |
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| 18 | |
The Donatist heresy was a split among Christians over |
| | A) | the nature of Christ. |
| | B) | whether the behavior of a priest affected the validity of the sacraments. |
| | C) | the relation between church and state. |
| | D) | the massacre of rebellious citizens. |
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| 19 | |
One of the most influential and original arguments in Augustine's Confessions was that |
| | A) | original sin was passed on to new generations through semen. |
| | B) | the church should care for widows. |
| | C) | original sin was acquired with age. |
| | D) | Christians should not read traditional Roman literature. |
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| 20 | |
Christians fled to the desert to escape |
| | A) | recruitment into the Roman army. |
| | B) | persecution and taxes. |
| | C) | asceticism. |
| | D) | the plague. |
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| 21 | |
Augustus devised a system of government led by a single ruler, the Emperor. However, he did not resolve the mechanism by which Emperors would succeed one another. As a consequence, his death in 14 C.E. was followed by |
| | A) | rule by a series of emperors related to Augustus' family. |
| | B) | a series of civil wars among Roman generals who sought the principate. |
| | C) | the return of traditional republican government. |
| | D) | anarchy. |
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| 22 | |
Everyday life in the Roman territories was transformed as Christianity gained more and more adherents. All but which one of the following statements accurately describes these transformations? |
| | A) | Christians weren't supposed to read the epic poems of Virgil and Homer. |
| | B) | Gladiator shows became unpopular. |
| | C) | Exposure of infants became less acceptable. |
| | D) | Celibacy became honorable. |
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