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| 1 | |
The most important source of mechanical power for medieval Europeans was |
| | A) | water mills. |
| | B) | steam power. |
| | C) | windmills. |
| | D) | slave labor. |
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| 2 | |
Medieval farmers who engaged in assarting primarily traveled in which direction? |
| | A) | west |
| | B) | east |
| | C) | north |
| | D) | south |
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| 3 | |
The guilds of medieval towns divided workers into three ranks, which included all but which of the following designations? |
| | A) | serfs |
| | B) | masters |
| | C) | apprentices |
| | D) | journeymen |
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| 4 | |
The base of the Hanseatic League was located in |
| | A) | Flanders. |
| | B) | Champagne. |
| | C) | Venice. |
| | D) | the Baltic. |
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| 5 | |
Which of the following architectural features was typical of the new Gothic architecture? |
| | A) | the barrel vault |
| | B) | the round arch |
| | C) | the pointed arch |
| | D) | a dark interior |
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| 6 | |
Which scholastic philosopher and author of the treatise Why God Became Man argued that God was perfect and therefore must exist? |
| | A) | Anselm of Canterbury |
| | B) | Peter Abelard |
| | C) | Bernard of Clairvaux |
| | D) | Thomas Aquinas |
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| 7 | |
Who wrote the medical tract Of Causes and Cures? |
| | A) | Roger Bacon |
| | B) | Hildegard of Bingen |
| | C) | Jacoba Felicie |
| | D) | Robert Grosseteste |
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| 8 | |
Private chambers in nobles' castles were commonly used for all but which of the following activities? |
| | A) | storing valuables |
| | B) | weaving and sewing |
| | C) | eating |
| | D) | sleeping |
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| 9 | |
Aside from satisfying a social need, jousts served to |
| | A) | provide young men with ways of winning horses and armor. |
| | B) | prevent merchants from gaining wealth and power. |
| | C) | release violent tendencies in a manner sanctioned by the Church. |
| | D) | offer opportunities for knights to practice fighting as a team in mock battle. |
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| 10 | |
William, as part of his plan to control his new Anglo-Saxon kingdom, |
| | A) | implemented the use of sheriffs. |
| | B) | removed sheriffs. |
| | C) | created the exchequer. |
| | D) | replaced the Witan with an assembly of his own vassals, the curia regis. |
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| 11 | |
Henry II increased his holdings in France primarily by |
| | A) | seizing lands from the French king by force. |
| | B) | winning the Battle of Hastings. |
| | C) | marrying a French heiress. |
| | D) | sending Justices in Eyre to claim French lands. |
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| 12 | |
The greatest barrier to the consolidation of the Iberian kingdoms was |
| | A) | the extensive mountain ranges that crisscross the region. |
| | B) | the domination of the neighboring French kingdom. |
| | C) | the more pressing issue of conquering Muslims' lands. |
| | D) | a longstanding peace that obviated the need for a strong central authority. |
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| 13 | |
The means for consolidation least frequently used by French kings was |
| | A) | use of the feudal contract. |
| | B) | marriage. |
| | C) | siring new heirs to the throne. |
| | D) | war and conquest. |
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| 14 | |
King Philip IV tried to collect money from _____ to fund wars. |
| | A) | Edward |
| | B) | the English wool industry |
| | C) | the church |
| | D) | the Parlement of Paris |
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| 15 | |
Which of the following statements about Frederick II Hohenstaufen is least accurate? |
| | A) | He granted German princes and nobility virtual sovereignty within their territories. |
| | B) | He was excommunicated by the pope. |
| | C) | He attempted to unify Italy under his rule. |
| | D) | He ordered all the Muslims in his lands to convert to Christianity or be expelled. |
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| 16 | |
In the midst of the investiture controversy, which powerful patron of Pope Gregory did Henry IV request to intercede on his behalf? |
| | A) | Matilda, Countess of Tuscany |
| | B) | Thomas Becket |
| | C) | Nicholas II |
| | D) | Clement II |
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| 17 | |
Which of the following issues was not pronounced upon by the Fourth Lateran Council? |
| | A) | the number of sacraments |
| | B) | qualifications for priesthood |
| | C) | veneration of relics |
| | D) | the lay investiture controversy |
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| 18 | |
An important motive behind the First Crusade was |
| | A) | Muslim control of the Holy Land. |
| | B) | the rise of heretical sects in Europe. |
| | C) | Turkish massacres of Christian pilgrims. |
| | D) | a devastating famine in southern Europe. |
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| 19 | |
Both the Franciscans and the Dominicans |
| | A) | lived in monasteries. |
| | B) | took an oath of poverty. |
| | C) | emphasized learning and university study. |
| | D) | believed in a poor and humble church. |
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| 20 | |
The church dealt with Catharism in the French town of Béziers by |
| | A) | massacring Northern French nobles. |
| | B) | massacring heretics and orthodox believers alike. |
| | C) | starving and torturing the Albigensians. |
| | D) | declaring the Cathari a new order of monks. |
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| 21 | |
Many medieval thinkers believed that pure reason, without reference to the external world of physical things, was the best means to understanding the true nature of reality. However, some medieval philosophers emphasized empiricism and experimentation which, today, serve as the basis for the natural sciences. One scholar who popularized the "scientific method" was |
| | A) | Valdes of Lyons |
| | B) | Andrew the Chaplain |
| | C) | Roger Bacon |
| | D) | Peter Abelard |
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| 22 | |
During the eleventh century, England went through several transformations including all but which of the following? |
| | A) | Scandinavian/Danish rule in England expanded. |
| | B) | The Anglo-Saxons expanded their rule. |
| | C) | The Normans conquered England. |
| | D) | The king of England became a vassal to the king of France. |
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