| Active transport | Transport of solutes from an area of lower concentration across a membrane to an area of higher concentration; requires energy.
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| Aldosterone | Hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that affects fluid balance by causing the retention of sodium when the circulating fluid is low, when the sodium level is low, or when the potassium level is high.
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| Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) | Hormone secreted from the pituitary gland that regulates the retention of water.
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| Capillary filtration | Type of fluid transport that forces fluid and solutes through the capillary wall pores from the intravascular fluid into the interstitial fluid.
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| Capillary reabsorption | Type of fluid transport that keep capillary filtration from removing an excess of intravascular fluid.
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| Central IV therapy | Infusions of fluids or medications directly into a larger vein such as the superior vena cava.
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| Diffusion | A passive process that moves solutes from an area of higher concentration across a membrane to an area of lower concentration.
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| Electrolytes | Substances that detach into electrically charged particles or ions that conduct electricity necessary for normal cell function.
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| Extracellular fluid (ECF) | Fluids outside the cells.
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| Interstitial fluid (ISF) | Fluid that surrounds the cells
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| Intracellular fluid (ICF) | Fluid inside the cells.
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| Intravascular fluid | The fluid in blood; blood plasma
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| Intravenous (IV) | Within a vein.
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| Osmosis | The transport of fluid across the cell membrane that is dependent on the concentration of solutes in the fluid compartments and stops when the concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal.
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| Parenteral nutrition | The IV infusion of nutrients including amino acids, dextrose, fat, electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements.
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| Peripheral IV therapy | The introduction of fluids through a catheter into a vein other than those found in the chest or abdomen; used for short-term therapy.
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| Solutes | Dissolved substances; examples are electrolytes and proteins.
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