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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1.
Which of the following explain why the Montreal Protocol was successfully implemented?
A)Scientific evidence strongly supported the CFC/ozone connection.
B)CFCs are a relatively small group of products which seemed to have easily produced substitutes.
C)CFCs were produced primarily in the U.S. and the E.U. which made enforcementof the treaty easier.
D)The world's biggest users of CFCs were also those likely to lose the most if something wasn't done.
E)All of the above.
2.
Developing nations would not agree at Kyoto in 1997 to:
A)lift all of their trade barriers.
B)limit greenhouse-gas emissions.
C)switch all tariffs to import quotas.
D)stop the production of CFCs.
3.
In Zimbabwe, Botswana, and Namibia, elephant herds:
A)are too large and therefore need an approved sustain able development plan.
B)are almost completely deleted.
C)are threatened by pressures from agriculture.
D)are left unprotected by the domestic government's poorly enforced conservation plan.
4.
Which of the following is often foregone in an effort to promote economic development in poorer countries:
A)clean air.
B)clean water.
C)enforcement of environmental laws.
D)all of the above.
5.
The property rights approach to pollution and the Coase Theorem often do not hold in international pollution disputes because:
A)pollution doesn't always stay where it has been produced.
B)it is difficult to figure out who is causing the pollution.
C)there is no international authority which has the ability to make binding rulings against a country even though property rights are clearly defined.
D)nobody cares about international pollution.
6.
The ideal solution to an international pollution case where property rights are clearly defined is for:
A)the polluting country to pay the effected country for the right to pollute.
B)the effected country to pay the polluting country not to pollute.
C)either a or b.
D)neither a or b.
7.
If a country has a no policy towards pollution, international trade will make the country __________ than without trade.
A)better off
B)worse off
C)neither better off nor worse off.
D)more hostile.
8.
Fish stocks have been depleted world wide primarily because:
A)pollution has killed them off.
B)property rights are not well defined in fisheries and therefore overfishing has occurred.
C)fish have been diseased.
D)CITES doesn't apply to fish.
9.
Which of the following is not a standard used by the WTO when it permits an environmental exception for national rules that limit imports of products produced using processes that harm the environment?
A)The rules must be applied equally to domestic producers and to all foreign exporting firms.
B)The rules must demonstrably assist in pursuing a legitimate environmental goal, and they must limit trade as little as possible.
C)The rules must connect directly with efforts to save a certified endangered species.
D)The country imposing the rules should be engaged in negotiations with other involved countries to establish a multilateral agreement to address the environmental issue (if such agreement does not yet exist).
10.
Which of the following countries decided not to be bound by the Kyoto Protocol?

(1) United States
(2) Canada
(3) Australia
(4) Japan
A)(1)
B)(1) + (2) + (3)
C)(1) + (3)
D)(1) + (2) + (3) + (4)





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