| Bone Integrity | Soundness of the bones associated with high density and absence of symptoms of deterioration.
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| Exercise | Exercise is defined as physical activity done for the purpose of getting physically fit.
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| Health | Health is optimal well-being that contributes to quality of life. It is more than freedom from disease and illness, though freedom from disease is important to good health. Optimal health includes high-level mental, social, emotional, spiritual, and physical wellness within the limits of one's heredity and personal abilities.
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| Healthy Days | A self-rating of the number of days (per week or month) a person considers himself or herself to be in good or better than good health.
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| Hypokinetic Diseases or Condition | Hypo means under or too little, and kinetic means movement or activity. Thus, hypokinetic means "too little activity." A hypokinetic disease or condition is one associated with lack of physical activity or too little regular exercise. Examples of such conditions include heart disease, low back pain, adult-onset diabetes, and obesity.
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| Illness | The ill feeling and/or symptoms associated with a disease or circumstances that upset homeostasis.
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| Lifestyles | Lifestyles are patterns of behavior or ways an individual typically lives.
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| Medical Model | The focus of the health care system on treating illness with medicine, with little emphasis on prevention or wellness promotion.
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| Metabolic Fitness | Metabolic fitness is a positive state of the physiological systems commonly associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. Metabolic fitness is evidenced by healthy blood fat (lipid) profiles, healthy blood pressure, healthy blood sugar and insulin levels, and other non-performance measures.
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| Physical Activity | Generally considered to be a broad term used to describe all forms of large muscle movements including sports, dance, games, work, lifestyle activities, and exercise for fitness. In this book, exercise and physical activity will often be used interchangeably to make reading less repetitive and more interesting.
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| Physical Fitness | The body's ability to function efficiently and effectively. It consists of health-related physical fitness and skill-related physical fitness, which have at least eleven components, each of which contributes to total quality of life. Physical fitness also includes metabolic fitness and bone integrity. Physical fitness is associated with a person's ability to work effectively, enjoy leisure time, be healthy, resist hypokinetic diseases, and meet emergency situations. It is related to, but different from health, wellness, and the psychological, sociological, emotional, and spiritual components of fitness. Although the development of physical fitness is the result of many things, optimal physical fitness is not possible without regular exercise.
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| Quality of Life | A term used to describe wellness. An individual with quality of life can enjoyably do the activities of life with little or no limitation and can function independently. Individual quality of life requires a pleasant and supportive community.
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| Wellness | The integration of many different components (social, emotional, mental, spiritual, and physical) that expands one's potential to live (quality of life) and work effectively and to make a significant contribution to society. Wellness reflects how one feels (a sense of well-being) about life as well as one's ability to function effectively. Wellness, as opposed to illness (a negative), is sometimes described as the positive component of good health.
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| World Health Organization (WHO) | WHO is the United Nations agency for health and has 192 member countries. Its principal goal is the attainment of the highest possible level of health for all people. WHO has been instrumental in making health policy and in implementing health programs worldwide since its inception in 1948.
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