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'On the Web' is an internet-based supplement that provides additional web content to supplement the material in Concepts of Fitness and Wellness. Browse through the whole document to explore web content related to this concept. If you know the specific 'On the Web' number or page number of the web icon in the text you can click on the direct link you are looking for below. Click here to access the other Online Learning Center resources available from the McGraw-Hill Website (http://www.mhhe.com/corbin7e). The material available here is for the exclusive use of students and instructors using the Concepts-based textbooks. All rights reserved (McGraw-Hill Higher Education). On the Web - Concept 24Web24-01: Using the Health Care System Effectively Web24-02: Making Lifestyle Changes – The Processes of Change Web24-05 : Supplemental Readings Web24-01: Using the Health Care System EffectivelyThere are many resources available through the Internet to assist consumers in using the health care system effectively. The resources provided through the 'On the Web' have provided you with a wide variety of resources to facilitate your future explorations on the web. Medically related sites were recently rated by the Center for Science in the Public Interest (see Nutrition Action Healthletter – May 2003). The website WebMD (www.webmd.com) was considered one of the most reputable and accurate sources of information for consumers interested in health information in this review. Web24-02: Making Lifestyle Changes – The Processes of ChangeThe Stages of Change Model provides one of the clearest ways to understand the ways in which people make lifestyle changes. Behavior scientists have termed these methods as the predominant "processes of change". Some processes are considered to be "experiential or cognitive processes" that help get a person to start considering changing their behavior. These processes are especially critical for people in the earlier stages of change (precontemplation or contemplation). Another set of processes are considered to be "behavioral" processes or skills that are needed to help people make the changes they seek to make. The graphic below highlights the different processes that are considered to be important to promote change for each of the stages.  Read the detailed overview of the transtheoretical model to learn more how these processes are used to promote behavior change. The different processes are also described below along with examples of how they can be applied on a personal level. Summary of Processes of Change – Web24-02 (cont.) Consciousness Raising = Increasing Knowledge Read and think about the behavior and identify role models who have changed their behavior. Dramatic Relief = Warning of Risks Find an emotionally charged reason to help you stay motivated. The health of a loved one can often emotionally influence a person to change their behavior. Environmental Reevaluation = Caring about the Consequences Think about high risk cues in your physical and social environment and think of ways to avoid these settings or situations. On the opposite side, think of cues or factors that help promote your positive lifestyle change and seek ways to use these. Self-Reevaluation = Comprehending Benefits Think about the personal benefits associated with the behavior change. What would it do for your own life if you could live a healthier life or quit a bad habit? Social Liberation = Increasing Healthy Opportunities Become aware of societal change in regard to the behavior and find resources or support to help encourage your change efforts. Self Liberation = Make Commitments Make a commitment to achieve some specific short and long term goals. Counter Conditioning = Substituting Alternatives Learn ways to counteract negative messages from self or others. Substitute alternative behaviors for problem behaviors. Helping Relationships = Enlisting Social Support Use friends and family members to help support your efforts at changing behaviors. Reinforcement Management = Rewarding Yourself Use incentives to encourage your progress toward behavior change Stimulus Control = Reminding Yourself Establish techniques to remind yourself of your goals for lifestyle change and how important it is for you to reach these goals. Source: Prochaska, J.O. and Marcus, B.H. (1994). The Transtheoretical Model: Applications in Exercise Adherence. PP 161-180). Champaign:Human Kinetics. Web24-03: Healthy LifestylesThe American Journal of Health Promotion is a leading professional organization focused on advancing research and awareness on health promotion. In one of the original articles from the journal, the editors define health promotion as both a science and an art. The complete quote from the document is included below along with a conceptual model developed by the association. "Health Promotion is the science and art of helping people change their lifestyle to move toward a state of optimal health. Optimal health is defined as a balance of physical, emotional, social, spiritual and intellectual health. Lifestyle change can be facilitated through a combination of efforts to enhance awareness, change behavior and create environments that support good health practices. Of the three, supportive environments will probably have the greatest impact in producing lasting change." (American Journal of Health Promotion, Vol.3(3), pg. 5, 1989) Understanding that health promotion is both an art and a science can help people achieve greater balance in their life. It is also important to consider the implications of environments on healthy lifestyles as described in the definition. Being aware of the impact of the environment on your lifestyle can help individuals discriminate between health-promoting and health-compromising environments. Awareness of this issue can also help to initiate grass roots change in the nature of society toward more healthy environments. The conceptual model of wellness endorsed by the American Journal of Health Promotion includes the same five dimensions used in the book (Physical, Social, Emotional, Intellectual and Spiritual). See model below:  Model adapted from Health Promotion: Global Perspectives, vol 1(6), pg.5. Web24-04 : Web ResourcesAmerican Association of Retired Persons Health Guide – www.aarp.org/health/healthguide American Board of Medical Specialties – http://www.abms.org American College Health Association – www.acha.org American College of Surgeons – http://www.facs.org/ American Dietetics Association – www.eatright.org Cleveland Clinic Second Opinion – http://www.eclevelandclinic.org Health Canada Online – www.hc-sc.gc.ca Health Canada - Physical Activity Guide http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ Healthfinder – www.healthfinder.gov Healthy People 2010 – www.health.gov/healthypeople Mayo Clinic Web Site – www.mayohealth.org Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports – www.cdc.gov/mmwr National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism - http://www.niaaa.nih.gov National Institute on Drug Abuse - www.nida.nih.gov National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences - www.niehs.nih.gov National Patient Safety Foundation – http://www.npsf.org Research America – http://www.researchamerica.org U.S. Consumer Information Center – www.pueblo.gsa.gov World Health Organization – www.who.int Web24-05 : Supplemental Readings
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