(See related pages)
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The new physical education emphasized play, sport, games, and natural, outdoor activities. |
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Programs developing from the play movement, the rise of teacher training, the growth of women's physical education, the increasing emphasis on fitness, the focus on physical movement, principles of the scientific movement, educational developmentalism, and social education contributed to twentieth-century physical education, exercise science, and sport. |
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Leadership from the national association led to the recognition of physical education as a profession. |
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Men's intercollegiate sports expanded from their interclass origins into commercialized businesses. |
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Women's intercollegiate sports featured mass participation until the early 1970s, when competition, aided by federal legislation, became a primary goal. |
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The children's play movement began with a recreational emphasis and evolved into a focus on fitness. |
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Starting in the 1950s, youth sports expanded from value-oriented programs to adult-controlled leagues. |
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The federal government mandated equal educational opportunities (including physical education) for individuals with special needs. |