After studying this chapter, you should be able to accomplish the following outcomes.

Population Genetics

1. Use the Hardy-Weinberg principle to explain when microevolution occurs.
2. Explain how mutations, gene flow, nonrandom mating, genetic drift, and natural selection contribute to the process of microevolution.

3. Name three kinds of natural selection, and discuss the effect of each on a population.
4. Discuss and give an example of each type of natural selection.
5. Explain why sexual selection is a form of natural selection and give examples of female choice and male competition.

Maintenance of Diversity

6. Give examples to show that the process of evolution and the environment help maintain diversity.
7. Define heterozygote advantage and give an example as a means to maintain diversity in a population.