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| 1 | |
All the members of a single species occupying a particular area at the same time is a _____. |
| | A) | community |
| | B) | population |
| | C) | neighborhood |
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| 2 | |
The various alleles at all the gene loci in all individuals make up the _____ of the population. |
| | A) | gametes |
| | B) | zygotes |
| | C) | gene pool |
| | D) | phenotype |
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| 3 | |
The Hardy-Weinberg law states that an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool will remain in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population as long as _____ conditions are met. |
| | A) | one |
| | B) | three |
| | C) | five |
| | D) | seven |
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| 4 | |
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, 2pq equals the percentage of _____. |
| | A) | homozygous dominant |
| | B) | homozygous recessive |
| | C) | heterozygous |
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| 5 | |
Of the conditions that can cause a deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium only _____ causes adaptation to the environment. |
| | A) | mutation |
| | B) | natural selection |
| | C) | gene flow |
| | D) | nonrandom mating |
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| 6 | |
If there is an absence of migration of breeding individuals among populations, ____ will not occur. |
| | A) | gene flow |
| | B) | genetic mutations |
| | C) | natural selection |
| | D) | random mating |
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| 7 | |
What is the frequency of the dominant allele in a population of 100 individuals with the following genotypes: 30 BB, 60 Bb, 10 bb? |
| | A) | 0.2 |
| | B) | 0.4 |
| | C) | 0.6 |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 8 | |
What is the frequency of the recessive allele in a population of 100 individuals with the following genotypes: 30 BB, 60 Bb, 10 bb? |
| | A) | 0.2 |
| | B) | 0.4 |
| | C) | 0.6 |
| | D) | 0.8 |
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| 9 | |
The shift in the population of peppered moths from 10% dark-colored moths prior to the advent of industry to 80% dark-colored moths after the advent of industry illustrates the process of _____. |
| | A) | microevolution |
| | B) | artificial selection |
| | C) | industrial melanism |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 10 | |
A mutation can be __________ to an organism. |
| | A) | beneficial |
| | B) | neutral in its effect |
| | C) | harmful |
| | D) | All of the above |
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| 11 | |
Gene flow _____. |
| | A) | is the result of a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA |
| | B) | among populations increases the rate of speciation |
| | C) | tends to decrease the genetic diversity among populations |
| | D) | All of these |
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| 12 | |
Which of the following is an example of sexual selection? |
| | A) | The attraction of female Raggiana birds to a male Raggianas with an elaborately colored plumage |
| | B) | Tall humans mating with other tall humans |
| | C) | Inbreeding |
| | D) | All of these |
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| 13 | |
When individuals tend to mate with those that have the same phenotype with respect to some characteristic, _____ occurs. |
| | A) | sexual selection |
| | B) | assertative mating |
| | C) | random mating |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 14 | |
When the majority of types of genotypes are prevented from participating in the production of the next generation, _____ has occurred. |
| | A) | the bottleneck effect |
| | B) | disruptive selection |
| | C) | gene flow |
| | D) | random mating |
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| 15 | |
A recessive allele that causes polydactylism is found in an usually large percentage of the Amish of Lancaster County, PA because of _____. |
| | A) | stabilizing selection |
| | B) | sexual selection |
| | C) | the founder effect |
| | D) | industrial melanism |
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| 16 | |
When an extreme phenotype is favored and the distribution curve shifts in that direction, _____ selection occurs. |
| | A) | stabilizing |
| | B) | directional |
| | C) | disruptive |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 17 | |
An individual's fitness affects _____. |
| | A) | variation |
| | B) | inheritance |
| | C) | differential adaptedness |
| | D) | differential reproduction |
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| 18 | |
The occurrence of disruptive selection in the British land snails created _____. |
| | A) | two different phenotypes, snails with dark shells and snails with light-banded shells |
| | B) | one intermediate phenotype, snails with mottled shells |
| | C) | a larger number of snails with dark shells |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 19 | |
The increased fitness of the individuals who are _________ for sickle-cell disease in areas where malaria is prevalent maintains the recessive allele in the population. |
| | A) | homozygous dominant |
| | B) | heterozygous |
| | C) | homozygous recessive |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 20 | |
In the study of sex selection in humans, studies have found a desire of women for certain types of men has led to the practice of___________. |
| | A) | monogamy |
| | B) | marriage |
| | C) | polygamy |
| | D) | None of these |
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