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| 1 | |
The primitive atmosphere had little if any _____. |
| | A) | water |
| | B) | free oxygen |
| | C) | carbon dioxide |
| | D) | nitrogen |
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| 2 | |
When O2 attaches to organic molecules, _____. |
| | A) | they form polymers |
| | B) | it breaks them apart |
| | C) | they become radioactive |
| | D) | they dissolve in water more easily |
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| 3 | |
Evidence that organic molecules could be synthesized from the inorganic molecules methane, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen gas, heat, and energy was provided by _____. |
| | A) | Miller |
| | B) | Cuvier |
| | C) | Wallace |
| | D) | Watson and Crick |
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| 4 | |
The earliest formed organic molecules would have _____. |
| | A) | been reduced by free oxygen |
| | B) | decayed |
| | C) | accumulated in the oceans |
| | D) | All of these |
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| 5 | |
If primordial earth lacked free O2, as is speculated, then the first living organisms must have _______. |
| | A) | been photosynthetic |
| | B) | formed on land |
| | C) | practiced fermentation (anaerobic metabolism) |
| | D) | practiced glycolysis and cellular respiration |
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| 6 | |
Miller's mixture resembling a strong reducing atmosphere, heat and an electric spark produced _____. |
| | A) | DNA |
| | B) | the first cells |
| | C) | a variety of amino acids |
| | D) | ribosomes |
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| 7 | |
The first cells might have been _____. |
| | A) | eukaryotic |
| | B) | photosynthetic |
| | C) | heterotrophic |
| | D) | All of these |
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| 8 | |
The RNA-first hypothesis is supported by _____. |
| | A) | RNA viruses that practice reverse transcription |
| | B) | the fossil record |
| | C) | comparing the DNA of humans and primates |
| | D) | the features of mitochondria, which are similar to those of prokaryotic cells |
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| 9 | |
The polymerization of polypeptides may have been facilitated by _____ which attracts small organic molecules and contains iron and zinc. |
| | A) | microspheres |
| | B) | lipsomes |
| | C) | proteinoids |
| | D) | clay |
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| 10 | |
Proteinoids added to water formed _____. |
| | A) | liposomes |
| | B) | plasma membranes |
| | C) | microspheres |
| | D) | complex cells |
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| 11 | |
Cretaceous clay contains an abnormally high amount of _____, an element that is rare in the earth's crust but more common in asteroids and meteorites. |
| | A) | lead |
| | B) | copper |
| | C) | sulfur |
| | D) | iridium |
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| 12 | |
During the Jurassic period _____ flourished. |
| | A) | club mosses, horsetails, and ferns |
| | B) | cycads and other gymnosperms |
| | C) | apelike and grazing mammals |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 13 | |
Placental mammals first appeared during the _____ period. |
| | A) | Cretaceous |
| | B) | Carboniferous |
| | C) | Devonian |
| | D) | Pleistocene |
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| 14 | |
The mass extinction at the end of the _____ period may have benefited the dinosaurs because that is when the first of the giant dinosaurs took charge of the land. |
| | A) | Cretaceous |
| | B) | Triassic |
| | C) | Ordovician |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 15 | |
The place where two plates scrape across each other is called a _____. |
| | A) | subduction zone |
| | B) | volcano |
| | C) | ocean trench |
| | D) | transform boundary |
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| 16 | |
The time period during which life arose and the first cells came into existence is the _____. |
| | A) | Jurassic |
| | B) | Carboniferous |
| | C) | Precambrian |
| | D) | Paleocene |
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| 17 | |
The great _____ forests turned into the coal we use today to fuel our modern society. |
| | A) | Precambrian |
| | B) | Carboniferous |
| | C) | Silurian |
| | D) | Devonian |
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| 18 | |
The study of the movement of the earth's crust is called _____. |
| | A) | paleontology |
| | B) | meteorology |
| | C) | plate tectonics |
| | D) | driftology |
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| 19 | |
When two continents collide a(n) _____ often forms. |
| | A) | chain of volcanic islands |
| | B) | ocean trench |
| | C) | mountain range |
| | D) | ocean ridge |
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| 20 | |
Jawless fishes first appeared during the _____ period. |
| | A) | Ordovician |
| | B) | Carboniferous |
| | C) | Devonian |
| | D) | Pleistocene |
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