After studying this chapter, you should be able to accomplish the following outcomes.

Plant Nutrition and Soil

1. Name the macronutrients and several micronutrients of plants.
2. Describe hydroponics and its use to determine essential nutrients of plants.
3. Describe a simplified drawing showing how roots absorb positively charged minerals ions while negatively charged ions by be leached away.
4. Draw and explain a simplified soil profile.

5. Describe how minerals cross the plasma membrane of cells.
6. Describe mutualistic relationships that assist plants in acquiring nutrients from the soil.

7. Describe the structure and function of xylem and phloem.
8. Describe the cohesion-tension model of xylem transport and why most of the water that enters a plant typically evaporates at the leaves.
9. Show that water transport depends on the properties of water.
10. Describe how environmental factors influence the opening and closing of stomata.
11. Describe the pressure-flow model of phloem transport.
12. Show that phloem transport depends on membrane transport.