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| 1 | |
According to your results, changing body position from standing to lying: |
| | A) | decreased the tidal volume. |
| | B) | did not change the tidal volume. |
| | C) | increased the tidal volume. |
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| 2 | |
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the lung and the pulmonary blood supply takes place: |
| | A) | across the walls of the airways. |
| | B) | across the walls of airways and the alveoli. |
| | C) | across the walls of the alveoli. |
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| 3 | |
During the breathing cycle, air enters the alveoli and the airways. If the airway volume is about 150 mL, how much air entered the alveoli when he was standing? |
| | A) | none of the air reached the alveoli; 0 mL. |
| | B) | the same as the airway volume; about 150 mL. |
| | C) | the tidal volume – the airway volume; about 225 mL. |
| | D) | all of the air that was inhaled; about 400 mL. |
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| 4 | |
What happened to the amount of fresh air entering the alveoli when the volunteer lay down and the tidal volume decreased? |
| | A) | The volume of air entering the alveoli increased. |
| | B) | The volume of air entering the alveoli decreased. |
| | C) | The volume of air entering the alveoli did not change. |
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| 5 | |
During the breathing cycle, air enters the alveoli and the airways. If the airway volume is 150 mL, how much air entered the alveoli when he was lying down? |
| | A) | none of the air reached the alveoli; 0 mL. |
| | B) | the tidal volume – the airway volume; about 150 mL. |
| | C) | all of the air that was inhaled; about 300 mL. |
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| 6 | |
The pressure of a fluid decreases as it travels against gravity. In a standing person the part of the lung with the lowest blood pressure will be: |
| | A) | at the base of the lung, below the heart. |
| | B) | in the center of the lung, in line with the heart. |
| | C) | at the apex of the lung, above the heart. |
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| 7 | |
Blood flow through pulmonary capillaries is dependent upon the blood pressure. In a standing individual, therefore, the pulmonary capillaries will most likely be closed: |
| | A) | at the base of the lung, below the heart. |
| | B) | in the center of the lung, in line with the heart. |
| | C) | at the apex of the lung, above the heart. |
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| 8 | |
In a person who is lying down, gravity will create the lowest blood pressure: |
| | A) | at the base of the lung. |
| | B) | in the center of the lung. |
| | C) | at the apex of the lung. |
| | D) | none of the above. The effect of gravity will be less than in a standing person. |
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| 9 | |
When lying down, blood pressure is uniform and the capillaries in the lung are open. What happens to the surface area for gas exchange when a person lies down? |
| | A) | the surface for gas exchange increases when they lie down. |
| | B) | the surface for gas exchange does not change when they lie down. |
| | C) | the surface for gas exchange decreases when they lie down. |
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| 10 | |
In a person who is lying down, if more capillaries are open the tidal volume will be: |
| | A) | lower than when standing, because the increased surface area allows more efficient gas exchange. |
| | B) | the same as when standing, because gravity has no effect on breathing. |
| | C) | greater than when standing, because more oxygen is needed when you are lying down. |
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