 |
| 1 | |
Which of the following is an example of a biological process that might be studied by an educational psychologist?
|
| | A) | The development of social relationships |
| | B) | The changes in children's motor skills |
| | C) | The changes in children's ability to think logically |
| | D) | The influence of parental nurturing on children's tendency to be aggressive |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
During the period of development known as "middle and late childhood," a child typically does which of the following?
|
| | A) | Masters the fundamental skills of writing |
| | B) | Prefers to spend time with parents instead of with peers |
| | C) | Makes important career decisions |
| | D) | Learns to identify letters of the alphabet |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
Myelination of areas in the brain related to hand-eye coordination is typically completed during which stage of an individual's life?
|
| | A) | Infancy |
| | B) | Early childhood |
| | C) | Adolescence |
| | D) | Young adulthood |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
_____ occurs when a child incorporates new knowledge into existing knowledge.
|
| | A) | Assimilation |
| | B) | Accommodation |
| | C) | Equilibration |
| | D) | Lateralization |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
Patricia demonstrates object permanence when her rattle is taken and hidden under a blanket and she:
|
| | A) | Looks to find something new to play with |
| | B) | Lifts the blanket to look for the rattle |
| | C) | Begins to play with her mother |
| | D) | Cries hysterically |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
The preoperational stage, as described by Piaget, includes individuals in which of the following age groups?
|
| | A) | Birth to 2 years |
| | B) | 2 to 7 years |
| | C) | 7 to 11 years |
| | D) | 11 years through adulthood |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
A child is said to display egocentrism if he or she displays which of the following traits?
|
| | A) | Inability to distinguish between one's own perspective and that of someone else |
| | B) | Ability to engage in pretend play alone or with others |
| | C) | Realization of the boundary between oneself and the environment |
| | D) | Tendency to ask numerous questions about the world |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
Choose the best example of seriation from the following examples.
|
| | A) | Lorna lines her blocks up in a straight row. |
| | B) | Billy lines his blocks by color. |
| | C) | Jermaine lines his blocks from biggest to smallest. |
| | D) | Troy chews on his blocks. |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
According to Piaget, a child is first able to understand that sequences or procedures are reversible when the child reaches which of the following stages?
|
| | A) | Sensorimotor stage |
| | B) | Preoperational stage |
| | C) | Concrete operational stage |
| | D) | Formal operational stage |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
Tracy examines the possibilities of working with Sam. He is very good at working with computers, so he may be a good partner for helping to complete the research project. However, Tracy also knows that Sam is chronically irresponsible and may neglect the project. Tracy decides to test the waters by talking to other students who have worked with Sam as well as asking Sam a few questions about his ideas about carrying out the project to determine his likelihood of helping out. Which stage of Piaget's theory do you think Tracy is at?
|
| | A) | Sensorimotor |
| | B) | Preoperational |
| | C) | Concrete operational |
| | D) | Formal operational |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
Which of the following emphases are central to Vygotsky's theory?
|
| | A) | Zone of proximal development |
| | B) | Sociocultural influences |
| | C) | Language |
| | D) | All the above |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
Which of the following represents Vygotsky's view of the origin of cognitive development?
|
| | A) | Intelligence |
| | B) | Genetics |
| | C) | Social interactions |
| | D) | Self-regulated behavior |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
The teacher notices Shawn cannot solve a problem on his own, but can when he is given either adult or peer guidance. This guidance is called:
|
| | A) | Assisted performance |
| | B) | The zone of proximal development |
| | C) | Preoperational thinking |
| | D) | Lateralization |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
Which one of the following is the best example of scaffolding?
|
| | A) | Mr. Christiansen takes every opportunity to nurture students' individual strengths. |
| | B) | Mrs. Jackson has students write their term papers on an area of each student's interests. |
| | C) | Ms. Alicia always provides a detailed lesson on the Civil War before giving students their term paper assignments. |
| | D) | Mr. Thompson demonstrates how to write the letter "z" in cursive at the blackboard before having students do so. |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
Vygotsky's stage in the development of speech characterized by silent "self-talk" is called:
|
| | A) | Private speech |
| | B) | Personal speech |
| | C) | Egocentric speech |
| | D) | Social speech |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
Rules that govern practicalities like waiting your turn to speak during conversation are known as:
|
| | A) | Morphology |
| | B) | Syntax |
| | C) | Pragmatics |
| | D) | Grammar |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
Which of the following is a good example of morphology?
|
| | A) | Adding "-ed" to a verb to make it past tense |
| | B) | Rules that govern practicalities like waiting your turn to speak during conversation |
| | C) | The "i" before "e" rule |
| | D) | A student does better at grasping the basics of word order and sentence structure |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
Which of the following is the best example of an argument for environmental influences on language?
|
| | A) | Humans are prewired to learn language. |
| | B) | Even if parents do not speak to children, children still demonstrate language acquisition. |
| | C) | Parents' reinforcement of children's linguistic attempts helps them to fine-tune their use of language. |
| | D) | Children have an inborn propensity to figure language out all on their own. |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
Kylie's parents are so proud because Kylie has just said her first word. Having only this information, how old would you guess Kylie is?
|
| | A) | 3-6 months |
| | B) | 10-13 months |
| | C) | 18-24 months |
| | D) | at least 36 months |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
At which of the following ages does the typical child begin to use two-word combinations?
|
| | A) | 1 ½ years |
| | B) | 2 ½ years |
| | C) | 4 years |
| | D) | 6 years |
|
|
|
| 21 | |
Critics of Piaget assert all of the following EXCEPT:
|
| | A) | Children's cognitive development does not occur in synchronous stages. |
| | B) | Children at one cognitive stage can be trained to reason at a higher cognitive stage. |
| | C) | Children go through cognitive stages at the same rate. |
| | D) | Culture and education exert strong influences on children's cognitive development. |
|
|
|
| 22 | |
Researchers are finding that the last part of the brain to develop is the prefrontal cortex, which controls:
|
| | A) | Socioemotional development |
| | B) | Critical and higher-order thinking |
| | C) | Gross motor skills |
| | D) | Planning, setting priorities, suppressing impulses, and weighing the consequences of one's actions |
|
|
|
| 23 | |
Phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics are all examples of:
|
| | A) | The five stages of language development |
| | B) | Language-related learning disabilities |
| | C) | Biological influences in language development |
| | D) | Systems of rules in language |
|
|
|
| 24 | |
Language development is supported when parents and teachers:
|
| | A) | Actively engage children in conversation |
| | B) | Emphasize directive language |
| | C) | Regularly engage children in drill and practice |
| | D) | Tell children to imitate what they say |
|
|
|
| 25 | |
Effective teachers who work with formal operational thinkers do all of the following EXCEPT:
|
| | A) | Realize that many adolescents are not full-fledged formal operational thinkers |
| | B) | Present a problem that has one, clear approach to solving it |
| | C) | Propose a problem and invite students to form hypotheses about how to solve it |
| | D) | Develop projects and investigations for students to carry out |
|
|
|
| 26 | |
Regarding the early-later experience issue, those who emphasize early experiences would most likely believe:
|
| | A) | An infant who is neglected will have many social and cognitive difficulties later in life. |
| | B) | Experiences occurring after 6 or 7 years of age are most critical to development. |
| | C) | Sensitive caregiving that occurs at any time is critical to development. |
| | D) | Early experiences are equally important to development as later experiences. |
|
|
|
| 27 | |
Which of the following are attributes of adolescents' thinking?
|
| | A) | Idealistic |
| | B) | Abstract |
| | C) | Egocentric |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 28 | |
To stimulate students' thinking and discovery, teachers should do which of the following?
|
| | A) | Teach at a single, standard level regardless of students' knowledge and levels of thinking. |
| | B) | Offer opportunities for exploration and build lessons around student interests. |
| | C) | Discourage peer interaction during instruction to minimize distractions. |
| | D) | Use flashcards, workbooks, and seatwork to speed up intellectual development. |
|
|
.