 | Chapter Outlines
(See related pages)
What are Data?
Key Questions
Validity, Reliability, and Objectivity
Usability |
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Means of Classifying Data-Collection Instruments
Who Provides the Information?
Where did the Instrument Come From?
Written Response Versus Performance |
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Examples of Data-Collection Instruments
Researcher-Completed Instruments
Subject-Completed Instruments
Unobtrusive Measures |
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Types of Scores
Raw Scores
Derived Scores
Which Scores to Use? |
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Norm-Referenced Versus Criterion Referenced Instruments
Norm-Referenced Instruments
Criterion-Referenced Instruments |
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Measurement Scales
Nominal Scales
Ordinal Scales
Interval Scales
Ratio Scales
Measurement Scales Reconsidered |
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Preparing Data for Analysis
Scoring the Data
Tabulating and Coding the Data |
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