Read each question carefully and then select the best answer.
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| 1 | |
Which sociologist used the phrase looking-glass self to emphasize that the self is the product of our social interactions with other people? |
| | A) | George Herbert Mead |
| | B) | Charles Horton Cooley |
| | C) | Erving Goffman |
| | D) | Jean Piaget |
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| 2 | |
In which of Mead's stages of the self do children merely imitate the people around them? |
| | A) | the play stage |
| | B) | the game stage |
| | C) | the preparatory stage |
| | D) | the sensorimotor stage |
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| 3 | |
Which sociologist was among the first to analyze the relationship between symbol and socialization? |
| | A) | George Herbert Mead |
| | B) | Charles Horton Cooley |
| | C) | Erving Goffman |
| | D) | Sigmund Freud |
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| 4 | |
George Herbert Mead is best known for his theory of |
| | A) | the presentation of the self. |
| | B) | cognitive development. |
| | C) | the self. |
| | D) | impression management. |
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| 5 | |
Suppose a clerk tries to appear busier than he or she actually is when a supervisor happens to be watching. Goffman would have studied this behavior from what approach? |
| | A) | functionalist approach |
| | B) | conflict approach |
| | C) | psychological approach |
| | D) | interactionist approach |
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| 6 | |
According to Jean Piaget, children begin to use words and symbols to distinguish objects and ideas during which stage in the development of thought processes? |
| | A) | the sensorimotor stage |
| | B) | the preoperational stage |
| | C) | the concrete operational stage |
| | D) | the formal operational stage |
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| 7 | |
According to Jean Piaget, what is the key to development? |
| | A) | social interaction |
| | B) | intelligence |
| | C) | personality |
| | D) | the id |
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| 8 | |
The assumption of new social and occupational positions occasionally requires us to unlearn a previous orientation. We refer to this process as |
| | A) | anticipatory socialization. |
| | B) | socialization. |
| | C) | resocialization. |
| | D) | the life course. |
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| 9 | |
In the United States, which social institution is seen as the most important agent of socialization, especially for children? |
| | A) | the school |
| | B) | the peer group |
| | C) | the mass media |
| | D) | the family |
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| 10 | |
Members of the Amish community who stray too far from Amish mores may be excommunicated and shunned by all other members of the community. What is this practice of social control called? |
| | A) | rumspringa |
| | B) | meiding |
| | C) | sanctioning |
| | D) | a rite of passage |
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| 11 | |
Which sociological perspective would observe that schools foster competition through built-in systems of rewards and punishment? |
| | A) | functionalist perspective |
| | B) | conflict perspective |
| | C) | interactionist perspective |
| | D) | cognitive development perspective |
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| 12 | |
Which of the following statements about peer groups is NOT true? |
| | A) | Peer groups can ease the transition to adult responsibilities. |
| | B) | Peer groups can be the source of harassment as well as support. |
| | C) | Peer groups increasingly assume the role of Mead's generalized other. |
| | D) | Boys and girls are socialized differently. |
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| 13 | |
Which country below expelled Muslim students who wore the symbolic headdress? |
| | A) | Iran |
| | B) | France |
| | C) | Thailand |
| | D) | England |
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| 14 | |
Which sociological perspective would view child care costs as an especially serious burden for lower-class families? |
| | A) | functionalist perspective |
| | B) | conflict perspective |
| | C) | interactionist perspective |
| | D) | cognitive development perspective |
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| 15 | |
According to Erving Goffman, the way students behave after receiving their exam grades is an example of |
| | A) | face-work. |
| | B) | impression management. |
| | C) | the dramaturgical approach. |
| | D) | anticipatory socialization. |
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| 16 | |
What is the term used by sociologists to refer to the process whereby people learn the attitudes, values, and behaviors appropriate for members of a particular culture? |
| | A) | enculturation |
| | B) | socialization |
| | C) | personality formation |
| | D) | self-concept building |
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| 17 | |
In everyday speech, the term _________ is used to refer to a person's typical patterns of attitudes, needs, characteristics, and behavior. |
| | A) | enculturation |
| | B) | socialization |
| | C) | self-concept |
| | D) | personality |
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| 18 | |
The Hollywood film Nell best illustrates which aspect of socialization? |
| | A) | the impact of isolation |
| | B) | the importance of a positive self-concept |
| | C) | the looking-glass self |
| | D) | the generalized other |
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| 19 | |
__________ are gestures, objects, and/or words that form the basis of human communication. |
| | A) | Roles |
| | B) | Statuses |
| | C) | Symbols |
| | D) | Face-works |
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| 20 | |
In what he called the play stage of socialization, George Herbert Mead asserted that people mentally assume the perspectives of others, thereby enabling them to respond from that imagined viewpoint. This process is referred to as |
| | A) | role taking. |
| | B) | the generalized other. |
| | C) | the significant other. |
| | D) | impression management. |
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| 21 | |
You are at a singles' bar and a friend of yours is rejected by a woman when she "comes on" to another person. Your friend turns to you and says, "There really isn't an interesting person in this entire crowd." Erving Goffman would refer to your friend's behavior as |
| | A) | face-work. |
| | B) | impression management. |
| | C) | role taking. |
| | D) | anticipatory socialization. |
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| 22 | |
In Daniel and Cheryl Albas's study of student interactions based on exam performance (see Sociology on Campus: "Impression Management by Students"), which type of encounter offers sympathy, support, and rationalization? |
| | A) | Bomber-Bomber encounters |
| | B) | Ace-Bomber encounters |
| | C) | Ace-Ace encounters |
| | D) | Both A and C |
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| 23 | |
At age 15, Hispanic girls celebrate reaching womanhood with a ceremony called quinceanera. This ceremony illustrates |
| | A) | a rite of passage. |
| | B) | the generalized other. |
| | C) | significant others. |
| | D) | impression management. |
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| 24 | |
Prisons, mental hospitals, and the military are all examples of |
| | A) | general socialization. |
| | B) | anticipatory socialization. |
| | C) | degradation ceremonies. |
| | D) | total institutions. |
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| 25 | |
According to contemporary research described in the text (see Social Policy and Socialization, "Child Care around the World"), which of the following statements is true? |
| | A) | Day care is physically damaging to children. |
| | B) | Day care adversely affects the socialization of children. |
| | C) | Good day care benefits children. |
| | D) | none of the above |
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