Read each question carefully and then select the best answer.
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| 1 | |
A person's age is an example of what kind of status? |
| | A) | ascribed status |
| | B) | achieved status |
| | C) | master status |
| | D) | role status |
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| 2 | |
Having AIDS is an example of what kind of status? |
| | A) | ascribed status |
| | B) | achieved status |
| | C) | master status |
| | D) | proven status |
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| 3 | |
In the United States, we expect that cab drivers will know how to get around a city. This expectation is an example of a |
| | A) | role conflict. |
| | B) | role strain. |
| | C) | social role. |
| | D) | master status. |
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| 4 | |
What occurs when incompatible expectations arise from two or more social positions held by the same person? |
| | A) | role conflict |
| | B) | role strain |
| | C) | role exit |
| | D) | Both A and B |
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| 5 | |
Failure to accomplish which functional prerequisite contributed to the failure of the Shakers? |
| | A) | preserving order |
| | B) | teaching new recruits |
| | C) | providing and maintaining a sense of purpose |
| | D) | replacing personnel |
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| 6 | |
Which sociological perspective argues that the present organization of social institutions is no accident? |
| | A) | functionalist perspective |
| | B) | conflict perspective |
| | C) | interactionist perspective |
| | D) | global perspective |
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| 7 | |
Sociologist Mitchell Duneier studied the social behavior of word processors from which sociological perspective? |
| | A) | functionalist perspective |
| | B) | conflict perspective |
| | C) | interactionist perspective |
| | D) | global perspective |
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| 8 | |
Social control in the Gemeinschaft community is maintained through all but which of the following means? |
| | A) | moral persuasion |
| | B) | gossip |
| | C) | legally defined punishment |
| | D) | gestures |
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| 9 | |
What type of society is technologically sophisticated and preoccupied with consumer goods and media images? |
| | A) | a postmodern society |
| | B) | an industrial society |
| | C) | a postindustrial society |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 10 | |
Gerhard Lenski views technological advances as related to changes in a society. What does he call this change? |
| | A) | Gemeinschaft |
| | B) | Gesellschaft |
| | C) | anomie |
| | D) | sociocultural evolution |
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| 11 | |
Social psychologist Philip Zimbardo conducted an experiment involving a "mock prison setting" wherein student participants were asked to play the roles of correctional officers and inmates. Zimbardo's investigation best illustrates the concept of |
| | A) | negotiation. |
| | B) | social interaction. |
| | C) | ascribed status. |
| | D) | alienation. |
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| 12 | |
__________ refers to the way in which a society is organized into predictable relationships. |
| | A) | Social interaction |
| | B) | Status |
| | C) | Social structure |
| | D) | Social role |
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| 13 | |
President of the United States, fruit picker, son or daughter, resident of Texas, dental technician, and neighbor are all examples of |
| | A) | ascribed statuses. |
| | B) | achieved statuses. |
| | C) | master statuses. |
| | D) | statuses. |
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| 14 | |
Helen Rose Fuchs Ebaugh has offered a four-stage model of role exit. Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in her model? |
| | A) | doubt |
| | B) | denial |
| | C) | departure |
| | D) | creation of a new identity |
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| 15 | |
What term does sociologist Daniel Bell use to refer to a society whose economic system is engaged primarily in the processing and control of information? |
| | A) | postmodern |
| | B) | horticultural |
| | C) | industrial |
| | D) | postindustrial |
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| 16 | |
In sociological terms, what do we call any number of people with similar norms, values, and expectations who interact with one another on a regular basis? |
| | A) | a category |
| | B) | a group |
| | C) | an aggregate |
| | D) | a society |
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| 17 | |
A small group characterized by intimate, face-to-face association and cooperation is referred as a (an) |
| | A) | primary group. |
| | B) | secondary group. |
| | C) | in-group. |
| | D) | out-group. |
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| 18 | |
What kind of group often emerges in the workplace among those who share special understandings about their occupation? |
| | A) | a primary group |
| | B) | a secondary group |
| | C) | an in-group |
| | D) | an out-group |
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| 19 | |
What do sociologists call any group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior? |
| | A) | a coalition |
| | B) | a primary group |
| | C) | a secondary group |
| | D) | a reference group |
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| 20 | |
Who was the sociologist who first directed researchers toward the significance of bureaucratic structure? |
| | A) | Karl Marx |
| | B) | Max Weber |
| | C) | Georg Simmel |
| | D) | Laurence J. Peter |
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| 21 | |
Sociologist George Ritzer theorizes that the principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as the rest of the world. Ritzer refers to this phenomenon as |
| | A) | Have It Your Wayitis. |
| | B) | McDonaldization. |
| | C) | Wendy's Revenge. |
| | D) | Taco Bellism. |
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| 22 | |
College sororities and fraternities, dance companies, tenants' associations, and chess clubs are all considered examples of |
| | A) | collectivities. |
| | B) | aggregates. |
| | C) | groups. |
| | D) | categories. |
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| 23 | |
The United States Postal Service, the Boston Pops orchestra, and the college or university where you are currently enrolled as a student are all examples of |
| | A) | primary groups. |
| | B) | reference groups. |
| | C) | formal organizations. |
| | D) | coalitions. |
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| 24 | |
According to the Peter principle, which of the following is true? |
| | A) | All bureaucracies are notoriously inefficient. |
| | B) | If something can go wrong, it will. |
| | C) | Every employee within a hierarchy tends to rise to his or her level of incompetence. |
| | D) | All line workers get burned in the end. |
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| 25 | |
According to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, extreme alienation would occur due to which characteristic of a bureaucracy? |
| | A) | division of labor |
| | B) | hierarchy of authority |
| | C) | written rules and regulation |
| | D) | employment based on technical qualifications |
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