After completing this chapter, the student will be able to:

1. Describe how environmental hazards, developmental processes, and genetic tendencies contribute to the aging process.
2. Identify the differences between normal aging and pathological aging.
3. Explain how aging changes a person's physical appearance and mental functioning.
4. Describe how aging affects a person's sensory organs.
5. Describe the effects of aging have on the bones, joints, and muscles.
6. Explain how aging changes a person's sexual capacity.
7. Describe the effects of aging on the heart and blood vessels.