| Correspondence principle | The tendency of schools to promote the values expected of individuals in each social class and to prepare students for the types of jobs typically held by members of their class.
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| Credentialism | An increase in the lowest level of education required to enter a field.
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| Denomination | A large, organized religion that is not officially linked to the state or government.
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| Ecclesia | A religious organization that claims to include most or all members of a society, and is recognized as the national or official religion.
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| Education | A formal process of learning in which some people consciously teach while others adopt the social role of learner.
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| Established sect | A religious group that is the outgrowth of a sect, yet remains isolated from society.
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| Functionalist definition of religion | The idea that religion unifies believers into a community through shared practices and a common set of beliefs relative to sacred things.
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| Fundamentalism | Rigid adherence to core religious doctrines, often accompanied by a literal application of scripture or historical beliefs to today's world.
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| Hidden curriculum | Standards of behavior that are deemed proper by society and are taught subtly in schools.
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| Liberation theology | Use of a church, primarily Roman Catholicism, in a political effort to eliminate poverty, discrimination, and other forms of injustice from a secular society.
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| New religious movement (NRM) or cult | A small, alternative faith community that represents either a new religion or a major innovation of an existing faith.
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| Profane | The ordinary and commonplace elements of life, as distinguished from the sacred.
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| Protestant ethic | Max Weber's term for the disciplined commitment to this-worldly labor driven by a desire to bring glory to God, shared by followers of Martin Luther and John Calvin.
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| Religious belief | A statement to which members of a particular religion adhere.
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| Religious experience | The feeling or perception of being in direct contact with the ultimate reality, such as a divine being, or of being overcome with religious emotion.
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| Religious ritual | A practice required or expected of members of a faith.
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| Sacred | Elements beyond everyday life that inspire respect, awe, and even fear.
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| Sect | A relatively small religious group that has broken away from some other religious organization to renew what it considers the original vision of the faith.
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| Secularization | Religion's diminishing influence in the public sphere, especially in politics and the economy.
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| Substantive definition of religion | The idea that religion has a unique content or substance relating to the sacred that separates it from other forms of knowledge and belief.
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| Teacher-expectancy effect | The impact that a teacher's expectations about a student's performance may have on the student's actual achievements.
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| Tracking | The practice of placing students in specific curriculum groups on the basis of their test scores and other criteria.
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