Gregory G. Dess,
University of Texas at Dallas G. T. Lumpkin,
Syracuse University Alan B. Eisner,
Pace University
ISBN: 0073530417 Copyright year: 2010
Preface
Welcome to the Fifth Edition of Strategic Management: Text and Cases! We're very pleased with the positive market response of our previous editions. We are also most appreciative of the extensive and constructive feedback that many strategy professionals have taken the time to give us. We are always striving to improve our work, and many of their ideas have been incorporated into the Fifth Edition as well as previous editions. We are happy to acknowledge these many contributors later in the Preface.
Let’s briefly revisit a fundamental question: Why did we write the book in the first
place? We would all agree that there have always been some solid strategy books in the market. However, we felt that there was a strong need for a book that students and faculty would think satisfied the three R ’s that we always kept in mind during our work: relevant, rigorous, and readable. That is, our tagline has become: “Strong enough for the professor, but made for the student,” and we have consistently received such feedback from faculty who have used our book. Perhaps Professor Stephen Vitucci (Tarleton State University) said it best:
I want it to be rigorous but something that they can read and understand. The Dess, Lumpkin, and Eisner text I am currently using is exactly what I like and, more importantly, what my students need and like.
We were also recently contacted by Liz Welch and Sabina Nawaz, former General Manager and Senior Director, respectively, at Microsoft. They are now external consultants who conduct course offerings for Microsoft, several divisions of ITT, and other wellknown firms. The author team was very gratified by their strong support of our text, which we feel verifies the "external validity" and practical relevance of our work:
As organizational and leadership development consultants, we are always looking for great tools, case studies, and examples to better deliver core strategy concepts to our clients. Not only does DLE Strategic Management provide us with that, it is almost a one-stop shop in this regard. The book has a comprehensive conceptual model with timely, relevant, and well-researched examples and cases. We have found it to be of conceptual as well as practical use and highly recommend it to consultants and leaders alike.
To earn such praise, we strive to use an engaging writing style free of unnecessary jargon, cover all the traditional bases, and integrate some central themes—such as globalization,
technology, ethics, and entrepreneurship—throughout the book that are vital in understanding strategic management in today’s global economy. We draw on short examples
from business practices to bring concepts to life and provide 116 Strategy Spotlights (more detailed examples in sidebars) to drive home key points.
Unlike other strategy texts, we provide three separate chapters that address timely topics
about which business students should have a solid understanding. These are the role of intellectual assets in value creation (Chapter 4), entrepreneurial strategy and competitive dynamics (Chapter 8), and fostering entrepreneurship in established organizations (Chapter 12). We also provide an excellent set of cases to help students analyze, integrate, and apply strategic management concepts.
In developing Strategic Management: Text and Cases, we certainly didn’t forget the
instructors. After all, you have a very challenging (but rewarding) job. We did our best to
help you. We provide a variety of supplementary materials that should help you in class
preparation and delivery. Our chapter notes, for example, do not simply summarize the
material in the chapter. Rather, we always ask ourselves (consistent with the concept of
strategy!): “How can we add value?” Thus, for each chapter, we provide numerous questions
to pose to guide discussion, at least 12 boxed examples to supplement chapter material, and
three “teaching tips” to further engage students. Also, the author team completed the entire
test bank ourselves—along with the aforementioned chapter notes. That is, unlike most of
our rivals, we didn’t farm them out to others. We really believe that our involvement demonstrates our commitment to the entire package and helps enhance consistency and quality.
Let’s now address some of the key substantive changes in the Fifth Edition. Then,
we’ll cover some of the major features that have been consistent throughout our editions.
What's New? Highlights of the Fifth Edition
We've endeavored to add new material to the chapters that reflects both the feedback that we have received from reviewers and the challenges and opportunities that face today's managers. This also included, of course, carefully reviewing a wide variety of books, academic journals, practitioner journals, and the business press. We've worked hard to avoid the "chapter creep". That is, when we add new material, we delete others (which includes cutting redundant examples). In addition, we benefitted from the work of Rae Pinkham, a professional editor. She went over all of the chapters line-by-line to tighten our writing. The result is that we were able to update our material and add new content; and at the same time keep the chapter length about the same. We certainly appreciate her fine efforts.
Here are some of the major changes in the Fifth Edition:
All of the 12 opening "Learning from Mistakes" that lead off each chapter are
totally new. Unique to this text, these vignettes are all examples of what can go wrong,
and they serve as an excellent vehicle for clarifying and reinforcing strategy concepts.
After all, what can be learned when one simply admires perfection?
We have increased the number of "Strategy Spotlights"(sidebar examples) from 90 to 116. About half of these are brand new to this edition and many of the others have been carefully updated. We were able to add more and still save some space by
focusing on bringing important strategy concepts to life.
We have added 14 more exhibits to the text. This, along with the two four-color pictures
in each chapter (a feature that we added with the fourth edition), aids learning
and improves visual appeal. To further enhance readability and impact, we work hard
to write short paragraphs and provide many indented examples throughout the book.
"Crowdsourcing" is a new theme throughout the book. It originated with the open source movement, a community of developers working together to create alternatives
to Microsoft’s products. However, it has expanded in recent years to include many
approaches in which a wide range of businesses are enlisting the masses to solve problems,
suggest new products, provide feedback, and enhance demand for products and
services. After introducing this theme in Chapter 1, we provide seven "Strategy Spotlights"
where firms are effectively using this innovative process. For example, in Chapter 2, we discuss how Virgin Mobile USA used it for everything from designing phones
to coming up with names for service plans. Chapter 3 mentions how Cookshack, a
small producer of ovens for barbecue and smoked foods, used crowdsourcing to, in
effect, turn its customers into its customer service department! And, in Chapter 10, we
explain how Eli Lilly, the pharmaceutical giant, launched Innocentive—the first online,
incentive-based scientific network for the global research and development community.
Our discussion of environmental sustainability has been extended throughout
the text. As noted by Daniel Esty and Andrew Winston in their award-winning
book Green to Gold " Environmental leaders see their businesses through an environmental lens, finding opportunities to cut costs, reduce risk, and enhance intangible
value. They build deeper connections with customers, employees, and other
stakeholders" * Given the salience of environmental sustainability in today's global economy, we discuss this issue throughout the text—including eight “Strategy Spotlights.”
For example, in Chapter 1, we explain how Shaw Industries, an industrial
flooring producer, used its recycling efforts to both reduce its costs and eliminate its
need for PVC plastic— a potentially toxic substance. Chapter 4 discusses how “going
green” helps attract talent, and Chapter 8 explains how “eco-entrepreneurs” have
recycled milk jugs, tires, and jars to create playground equipment, garage flooring,
and glass awards, respectively! To provide some balance on this topic, we also discuss
how some energy companies have been accused of “greenwashing” (that is, making
unsubstantiated claims about how environmentally friendly a firm’s products are) in
their sustainability programs.
Key content changes for the chapters include:
Chapter 1 introduces the concept of “crowdsourcing”, which, as noted above, becomes a theme throughout the text. This innovative approach to open sourcing has provided a wide variety of businesses with a new source for products, ideas,
and many value-adding activities. We also illustrate the complexities inherent in the stakeholder concept by addressing the many conflicting demands faced by the world’s largest retailer - Wal-Mart.
Chapter 1 provides a summary of the worldwide financial crisis that intensified
in 2008 and 2009. We address not only some of the root causes but also how it
has dramatically affected many industries, such as automobiles, dining, retail, and
technology.
Chapter 2 addresses some recent insights from Michael Porter on the effective
use of the five-forces model of industry profitability. In our previous editions, we
discussed caveats in performing an industry analysis, such as how some firms have
prospered in low-profit industries, the detrimental effects of exploiting buyer power,
and the salient role of complementors in industry analysis. Now, we include Porter’s
new perspectives on the importance of understanding the structural underpinnings of
profitability, such as an awareness of time horizons and the value of quantitative factors in performing an in-depth analysis.
Chapter 3 discusses how businesses can use blogs and social networking sites to
enhance their reputation—or how such sites can erode key stakeholders’ perceptions.
Comcast, for example, was badly hurt when an angry customer put a video on
YouTube of a technician who fell asleep on his couch! However, on the bright side,
firms like Southwest Airlines, Whole Foods, and the shoe store Zappos have effectively used social messaging services.
Chapter 5 extends our discussion of the industry life cycle concept by explaining
why old technologies don't just fade away. Using examples as diverse as mainframes,
carburetors, and coronary bypass surgery, three approaches are suggested:
retreating to more defensible ground, using the new to improve the old, and improving
the price-performance trade-off.
Chapter 6 draws on the stakeholder concept to show how antitakeover measures
may benefit stakeholders other than management. Antitakeover defenses, such as
poison pills, typically are viewed as simply measures to entrench and protect management.
However, this is not always the case. We discuss how such defenses can
also serve to protect employees, the community at large, and customers.
Chapter 7 addresses an important rationale for international expansion —taking
advantage of arbitrage opportunities. Simply put, arbitrage involves buying something
where it is cheap and selling it where it commands a higher price. It can be applied to
almost any factor of production and every stage of the value chain.
Chapter 8 (Entrepreneurial Strategy and Competitive Dynamics) has been reconfigured to include a section on competitive dynamics that addresses the cycle of actions and responses that are initiated when a new player enters a competitive
marketplace. This is a hot issue in strategy and has important implications for competitive
advantage—the core topic of our book. We address competitive dynamics for
such rivals as Facebook and MySpace, as well as AMD and Intel (chip makers). The
first part of the chapter draws on materials that were previously part of Chapter 13 on creating new ventures.
Chapter 9 extends our discussion of corporate governance in the international
context. Here, we discuss “multilatinas,” which have pursued a strategy of regional
and international expansion. We address some of the governance and transparency
issues that Latin-owned companies need to improve upon in order to ensure access to
international capital markets.
Chapter 11 introduces the idea of integrative thinking developed in Roger
Martin’s book The Opposable Mind. Leaders are often faced with decision alternatives
that pose difficult dilemmas. The best leaders are those who avoid thinking in
terms of either-or trade-offs. Instead, they seek out creative solutions that synthesize
opposing perspectives.
Chapter 12 draws on Christensen's work on innovation. We distinguish between sustaining innovations that energize markets by, for example, extending sales and disruptive innovations that overturn markets by providing new approaches to meeting
customer needs. In rapidly changing environments, it is vital to understand how to
manage different types of innovative activity.
Chapter 13 updates our Appendix: Sources of Company and Industry Information.
We appreciate the contributions of Ruthie Brock and Carol Byrne in providing
this comprehensive information. It is organized to cover a range of issues, such
as competitive intelligence, annual report collections, company rankings, business
websites, and strategic and competitive analysis. It should be invaluable in analyzing
companies and industries.
Alan Eisner, our case author, has worked hard to further enhance our excellent case package. These include:
• 26 author-written cases (much more than our competition).
• Updating our users’ favorite cases (based on extensive market feedback) with
new information and data to minimize instructor preparation time and maximize
freshness.
• 9 new cases and significant updates on 21 cases, including Southwest Airlines,
JetBlue, General Motors, Ford, Apple, eBay, and many others.
• Providing an excellent mix of tried-and-true classics as well as shorter favorites
from Harvard.
• A major focus on fresh and current cases about familiar firms.
• Cases of varying lengths to best fit instructor needs.
• Many videos to match the cases.
What Remains the Same: Key Features from Earlier Editions
Let’s now briefly address some of the exciting features that remain from the earlier editions.
Traditional organizing framework with three other chapters on timely topics.
Crisply written chapters cover all of the strategy bases and address contemporary
topics. First, the chapters are divided logically into the traditional sequence: strategy
analysis, strategy formulation, and strategy implementation. Second, we include
three chapters on such timely topics as intellectual capital/knowledge management,
entrepreneurial strategy and competitive dynamics, and fostering corporate entrepreneurship
and new ventures.
“Learning from Mistakes” chapter-opening cases. To enhance student interest, we
begin each chapter with a case that depicts an organization that has suffered a dramatic
performance drop, or outright failure, by failing to adhere to sound strategic management
concepts and principles. We believe that this feature serves to underpin the value
of the concepts in the course and that it is a preferred teaching approach to merely providing
examples of outstanding companies that always seem to get it right! After all,
isn’t it better (and more challenging) to diagnose problems than admire perfection?
As Dartmouth’s Sydney Finkelstein, author of Why Smart Executives Fail, notes:
“We live in a world where success is revered, and failure is quickly pushed to the
side. However, some of the greatest opportunities to learn—both for individuals and
organizations—come from studying what goes wrong.” * We’ll see how, for example,
Motorola failed to keep up with customer expectations in the Chinese mobile-phone
market and saw its market share sharply erode, how Michelin’s PAX “run-flat” tire failed because they didn’t create a differentiation advantage that justified the premium
price, and how Richard Fuld’s toxic leadership played a key role in Lehman Brothers’
demise. BusinessWeek named Fuld one of the worst managers of 2008 and claimed that
he “drove his people hard and ignored warning signs, rewarding risk and greed.”
Consistent chapter format and features to reinforce learning. We have included
several features in each chapter to add value and create an enhanced learning experience.
First, each chapter begins with an overview and a set of bullets pointing to key
learning objectives. Second, as previously noted, the opening case describes a situation
in which a company’s performance eroded because of a lack of proper application
of strategy concepts. Third, at the end of each chapter there are four different
types of questions/exercises that should help students assess their understanding and
application of material:
Summary review questions.
Experiential exercises.
Application questions and exercises.
Ethics questions.
Given the emergence of the Internet and e-commerce, each chapter contains at least one
exercise that involves the use of the Internet.
“Reflecting on Career Implications” for each chapter. This feature—at the end
of each chapter—will help instructors drive home the immediate relevance/value of
strategy concepts. It focuses on how an understanding of key concepts helps business
students early in their careers.
Key Terms. Approximately a dozen key terms for each chapter are identified in the
margins of the pages. This addition was made in response to reviewer feedback and
improves students’ understanding of core strategy concepts.
Clear articulation and illustration of key concepts. Key strategy concepts are
introduced in a clear and concise manner and are followed by timely and interesting
examples from business practice. Such concepts include value-chain analysis, the
resource-based view of the firm, Porter’s five-forces model, competitive advantage, &
boundaryless organizational designs, digital strategies, corporate governance, ethics,
and entrepreneurship.
Extensive use of sidebars. We include 116 sidebars (or about nine per chapter)
called “Strategy Spotlights.” The Strategy Spotlights not only illustrate key points but also increase the readability and excitement of new strategy concepts.
Integrative themes. The text provides a solid grounding in ethics, globalization, and
technology. These topics are central themes throughout the book and form the basis
for many of the Strategy Spotlights.
Implications of concepts for small businesses. Many of the key concepts are
applied to start-up firms and smaller businesses, which is particularly important
since many students have professional plans to work in such firms.
Not just a textbook but an entire package. Strategic Management features the
best chapter teaching notes available today. Rather than merely summarizing the key
points in each chapter, we focus on value-added material to enhance the teaching
(and learning) experience. Each chapter includes dozens of questions to spur discussion,
teaching tips, in-class group exercises, and about a dozen detailed examples
from business practice to provide further illustrations of key concepts.
Excellent set of cases. We have selected an outstanding collection of current and
classic cases for this edition, carefully including a wide variety of cases matched
to key strategic concepts and organized to create maximum flexibility. We have a
balance of short, concise and longer, comprehensive cases. At the same time, we
maintain currency and name recognition of our cases with many new and updated
classroom-tested cases. We have also updated many of the favorites from the fourth
edition such as Southwest Airlines, JetBlue Airways, World Wrestling Entertainment,
Ann Taylor, Apple, eBay in Asia, Nintendo, and many others to further engage
students. New cases include: Jamba Juice, Geely Automotive, Lenovo, Build-A-Bear Workshop, Mattel, and Weight Watchers. We are once again pleased to include several
cases from The Harvard Business School and The Harvard Business Review,
including Crown Cork & Seal and Automation Consulting.
Student Support Materials
Online Learning Center (OLC). The following resources are available to students
via the publisher's OLC at
www.mhhe.com/dess5e:
Chapter quizzes students can take to gauge their understanding of material covered
in each chapter
• A selection of PowerPoint slides for each chapter.
• Links to strategy simulations the Business Strategy Game & GLO-BUS. Both
provide a powerful and constructive way of connecting students to the subject
matter of the course with a competition among classmates on campus and
around the world.
Instructor Support Materials
Instructor’s Manual (IM). Prepared by the textbook authors, the accompanying IM
contains summary/objectives, lecture/discussion outlines, discussion questions, extra
examples not included in the text, teaching tips, reflecting on career implications,
experiential exercises, and more.
Test Bank. Prepared by the authors, the test bank contains more than 1,000 true/false, multiple-choice, and essay questions. It has now been tagged with learning objectives
as well as Bloom's Taxonomy and AACSB criteria.
Assurance of Learning Ready. Assurance of Learning is an important element
of many accreditation standards. Dess 5e is designed specifically to support your
Assurance of Learning initiatives. Each chapter in the book begins with a list of
numbered learning objectives that appear throughout the chapter, as well as in the
end-of-chapter questions and exercises. Every test bank question is also linked to one of these objectives, in addition to level of difficulty, topic area, Bloom’s Taxonomy
level, and AACSB skill area. EZ Test, McGraw-Hill’s easy-to-use test bank software,
can search the test bank by these and other categories, providing an engine for targeted
Assurance of Learning analysis and assessment. AACSB Statement. The McGraw-Hill Companies is a proud corporate member of
AACSB International. Understanding the importance and value of AACSB accreditation,
Dess 5e has sought to recognize the curricula guidelines detailed in the AACSB
standards for business accreditation by connecting selected questions in Dess 5e and
the test bank to the general knowledge and skill guidelines found in the AACSB standards.
The statements contained in Dess 5e are provided only as a guide for the users
of this text. The AACSB leaves content coverage and assessment within the purview
of individual schools, the mission of the school, and the faculty. While Dess 5e and
the teaching package make no claim of any specific AACSB qualification or evaluation,
we have labeled selected questions within Dess 5e according to the six general
knowledge and skills areas. Computerized Test Bank Online. A comprehensive bank of test questions is provided
within a computerized test bank powered by McGraw-Hill’s flexible electronic
testing program, EZ Test Online
( www.eztestonline.com ).
EZ Test Online allows you
to create paper and online tests or quizzes in this easy-to-use program! Imagine being
able to create and access your test or quiz anywhere, at any time without installing
the testing software. Now, with EZ Test Online, instructors can select questions from
multiple McGraw-Hill test banks or author their own, and then either print the test
for paper distribution or give it online.
Test Creation.
• Author/edit questions online using the 14 different question type templates.
• Create printed tests or deliver online to get instant scoring and feedback.
• Create questions pools to offer multiple versions online – great for practice.
• Export your tests for use in WebCT, Blackboard, PageOut, and Apple’s iQuiz.
• Compatible with EZ Test Desktop tests you’ve already created.
• Sharing tests with colleagues, adjuncts, TAs is easy.Online Test Management.
• Set availability dates and time limits for your quiz or test.
• Control how your test will be presented.
• Assign points by question or question type with drop-down menu.
• Provide immediate feedback to students or delay until all finish the test.
• Create practice tests online to enable student mastery.
• Your roster can be uploaded to enable student self-registration.Online Scoring and Reporting.
• Automated scoring for most of EZ Test ’s numerous question types.
• Allows manual scoring for essay and other open response questions.
• Manual rescoring and feedback is also available.
• EZ Test ’s grade book is designed to easily export to your grade book.
• View basic statistical reports.Support and Help.
• User’s guide and built-in page-specific help.
• Flash tutorials for getting started on the support site.
• Support website:
www.mhhe.com/eztest
• Product specialist available at 1-800-331-5094.
• Online Training:
http://auth.mhhe.com/mpss/workshops/.
PowerPoint Presentation. Prepared by Brad Cox of Midlands Tech, it consists of
more than 400 slides incorporating an outline for the chapters tied to learning objectives.
Also included are multiple-choice questions that can be used as Classroom Performance
System (CPS) questions as well as additional examples outside of the text
to promote class discussion. Case Study PowerPoint slides are available to facilitate
case study coverage.
Instructor’s Resource CD-ROM. All instructor supplements are available in this
one-stop multimedia resource, which includes the Instructor’s Manual, Test Bank,
PowerPoint Presentations, and Case Study Teaching Notes.
Case Videos. A set of videos related to selected cases accompanies the text to support
your classroom, student lab, or for home viewing. These thought-provoking
video clips are available upon adoption of this text.
Online Learning Center (OLC). The instructor section of www.mhhe.com/dess5e
also includes the Instructor's Manual, PowerPoint Presentations, Interactive Case
Grid, and Case Study Teaching Notes as well as additional resources.
The Business Strategy Game and GLO-BUS Online Simulations. Both allow
teams of students to manage companies in a head-to-head contest for global market
leadership. These simulations give students the immediate opportunity to experiment
with various strategy options and to gain proficiency in applying the concepts and
tools they have been reading about in the chapters. To find out more or to register,
please visit
www.mhhe.com/thompsonsims.
Additional Resources
McGraw-Hill/Primis Custom Publishing. You can customize this text. McGraw-Hill/Primis Online’s digital database offers you the flexibility to customize your course, including material from the largest online collection of textbooks, readings, and cases. Primis leads the way in customized eBooks with hundreds of titles available at prices that save your students over 20 percent off bookstore prices. For more information, please visit
www.primisonline.com/dess or call 800-228-0634.
BusinessWeek subscription. Students can subscribe to BusinessWeek for a special rate
in addition to the price of the text. Students will receive a passcode card shrink-wrapped
with their new text. The card directs students to a Web site where they enter the code
and then gain access to BusinessWeek’s registration page to enter their address information and set up their print and online subscription. Please ask your McGraw-Hill/Irwin
representative for more information.
*Esty, D. C. & Winston, A. S. 2009. Green to gold: How Smart Companies Use Environmental Sustainability to Innovate, Create
Value, and Build Competitive Advantage. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 14.
To obtain an instructor login for this Online Learning Center, ask your local sales representative.
If you're an instructor thinking about adopting this textbook, request a free copy for review.