| adaptation | The process by which organisms cope with environmental stresses.
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| anthropology and education | Anthropological research in classrooms, homes, and neighborhoods, viewing students as total cultural creatures whose enculturation and attitudes toward education belong to a larger context that includes family, peers, and society.
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| applied anthropology | The application of anthropological data, perspectives, theory, and methods to identify, assess, and solve contemporary social problems.
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| archaeological anthropology | The branch of anthropology that reconstructs, describes, and interprets human behavior and cultural patterns through material remains; best known for the study of prehistory. Also known as archaeology.
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| biological, or physical, anthropology | The study of the human species and its immediate ancestors.
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| cultural resource management | The branch of applied archaeology aimed at preserving sites threatened by dams, highways, and other projects.
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| cultural anthropologists | (sociocultural anthropologist) A student of social life and culture, a practitioner of cultural anthropology, whether ethnology or ethnography.
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| cultures | Traditions and customs that govern behavior and beliefs; distinctly human; transmitted through learning.
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| curer | Specialized role acquired through a culturally appropriate process of selection, training, certification, and acquisition of a professional image; the curer is consulted by patients, who believe in his or her special powers, and receives some form of special consideration; a cultural universal.
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| disease | An etic or scientifically identified health threat caused by a bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite, or other pathogen.
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| ethnography | Field work in a particular culture.
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| ethnology | The theoretical, comparative study of society and culture; compares cultures in time and space.
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| general anthropology | The field of anthropology as a whole, consisting of cultural, archaeological, biological, and linguistic anthropology.
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| health care systems | Beliefs, customs, and specialists concerned with ensuring health and preventing and curing illness; a cultural universal.
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| holistic | Interested in the whole of the human condition: past, present, and future; biology, society, language, and culture.
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| hominids | Members of the zoological family (Hominidae) that includes fossil and living humans.
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| illness | An emic condition of poor health felt by individual.
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| linguistic anthropology | The branch of anthropology that studies linguistic variation in time and space, including interrelations between language and culture; includes historical linguistics and sociolinguistics.
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| medical anthropology | Unites biological and cultural anthropologists in the study of disease, health problems, health care systems, and theories about illness in different cultures and ethnic groups.
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| scientific medicine | As distinguished from Western medicine, a health care system based on scientific knowledge and procedures, encompassing such fields as pathology, microbiology, biochemistry, surgery, diagnostic technology, and applications.
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| society | Organized life in groups; typical of humans and other animals.
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