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Multiple Choice Quiz

1.
Cultural learning depends on:
A)biology.
B)globalization.
C)adaptation.
D)diffusion.
E)symbols.
2.
The British anthropologist Edward Tylor said that culture is:
A)acquired by a man as a member of society.
B)adaptive.
C)symbolic.
D)transmitted through observation.
E)taught directly.
3.
Enculturation is:
A)the process by which culture is reduced.
B)the process by which culture becomes adaptive.
C)the process by which a child learns his or her culture.
D)the process by which a culture is transformed.
E)the process by which people subsist.
4.
Clifford Geertz characterizes culture as:
A)a process of enculturation.
B)a biological necessity.
C)biologically adaptive.
D)a set of control mechanisms that govern behavior.
E)only partially shared.
5.
An example of a cultural trait that typically is learned unconsciously is knowing:
A)when to say "thank you."
B)when to take out the trash.
C)how far to stand away from someone during a conversation.
D)how to write a college essay.
E)how to pronounce "anthropology."
6.
According to the doctrine known as "the psychic unity of man":
A)regardless of their genes or physical appearance, people can learn any cultural tradition.
B)there are always changes in the process by which a child learns his or her culture.
C)culture is transmitted unconsciously.
D)people use their cultural system to make judgments, define their world, and shape their behavior and perceptions.
E)culture is genetically programmed.
7.
The approach to culture that focuses on how individuals manage to influence, create, and transform the world they live in is known as:
A)globalization.
B)practice theory.
C)cultural relativism.
D)ethnocentrism.
E)acculturation.
8.
For anthropologist Leslie White, culture originated when:
A)people began to use enculturation.
B)tools were first produced.
C)people acquired the ability to use symbols.
D)behavior became patterned.
E)art was first produced.
9.
A Brazilian might interpret the personal space that an American maintains during a conversation as:
A)a sexual advance.
B)a sign of hostility.
C)a sign of unfriendliness.
D)a sign of warmth.
E)an indication that the person is pensive.
10.
Examples of American core values include all of the following except:
A)individualism.
B)self-reliance.
C)that people should keep a certain distance between themselves during conversations.
D)the work ethic.
E)all of the above.
11.
According to the text, "real culture" is:
A)the culture best suited to a given environment.
B)what people say they should do and what they say they do.
C)contested.
D)symbolic.
E)what people actually do.
12.
Which of the following statements about ethnocentrism is true?
A)It is the tendency to view another culture as superior and to use that culture's values to judge the behavior and beliefs of people raised in your own culture.
B)It is particular to Western society.
C)It is the viewpoint that behavior in one culture should not be judged by the standards of another culture.
D)It is the argument that there is a realm of justice and morality beyond and superior to the laws and customs of particular countries, cultures, and religions.
E)It is the tendency to view your own culture as superior and to apply your own culture's values to judge the behavior and beliefs of people raised in other cultures.
13.
Culture is all of the following except:
A)integrated.
B)shared.
C)symbolic.
D)always adaptive.
E)all-encompassing.
14.
A pidgin is an example of:
A)ethnocentrism.
B)independent invention.
C)acculturation.
D)diffusion.
E)enculturation.
15.
Which of the following is not a mechanism of cultural change?
A)acculturation
B)globalization
C)independent invention
D)diffusion
E)enculturation





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