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| 1 | |
Whether you dream about becoming rich, thin, successful, loved, or famous, or you fear becoming a failure, you are imagining your |
| | A) | possible selves. |
| | B) | self-concept. |
| | C) | self-schema. |
| | D) | realized-self. |
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| 2 | |
The most researched topic in psychology today is |
| | A) | intelligence. |
| | B) | memory. |
| | C) | prejudice (including stereotyping and discrimination). |
| | D) | the self. |
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| 3 | |
Minority groups often define themselves by paying attention to |
| | A) | similarities between themselves and the majority group. |
| | B) | the way they are presented in the media as a sole guide to their identity. |
| | C) | differences between themselves and the majority group. |
| | D) | the similarities they have with other minority groups. |
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| 4 | |
When you walk into a restaurant and everyone in the room looks—well, homely, if not ugly—you feel better about yourself and attractive. This is due to |
| | A) | your conceit. |
| | B) | social identity. |
| | C) | self-reference effect. |
| | D) | social comparison effect. |
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| 5 | |
You left high school with a 3.8 GPA and have always believed you were "much smarter than the average bear." Now you are in a college where everyone had a 3.8 GPA in high school and great SAT scores. Suddenly you are struggling to keep up with the pack and feel less and less intelligent as the semesters go by. This is due to |
| | A) | social identity. |
| | B) | the social comparison effect. |
| | C) | self-reference effects. |
| | D) | the looking-glass self phenomenon. |
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| 6 | |
Western cultures are _______________, whereas Eastern cultures tend to be _______________. |
| | A) | collectivistic; individualistic |
| | B) | group oriented; self oriented |
| | C) | socially oriented; materialistic |
| | D) | individualistic; collectivistic |
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| 7 | |
British, Americans, and Australians are _______________ likely than Asians to complete "I am" statements with their group identities. |
| | A) | less |
| | B) | more |
| | C) | rarely |
| | D) | very likely |
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| 8 | |
Self-esteem in which culture is more likely tied to how others perceive both one's self and one's group? |
| | A) | Australian |
| | B) | American |
| | C) | Korean |
| | D) | English |
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| 9 | |
Joe gets caught stealing candy from Wal-Mart. He rationalizes that most people steal every once in a while. Joe's inclination to overestimate the commonality of his criminal behavior illustrates |
| | A) | the self-serving bias. |
| | B) | the actor/observer effect. |
| | C) | the false consensus effect. |
| | D) | the false uniqueness effect. |
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| 10 | |
High self-efficacy leads one to be |
| | A) | more likely to use drugs. |
| | B) | less successful. |
| | C) | more likely to give up. |
| | D) | more persistent. |
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| 11 | |
You are taking chemistry next semester, and you feel you will fail. After the first three quizzes, however, you are getting an A in the class. Chances are, by the end of the semester, your sense of ______________ will increase. |
| | A) | self-efficacy |
| | B) | self-concept |
| | C) | self-monitoring |
| | D) | self-esteem |
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| 12 | |
The extent to which people believe either internal or external events determine outcomes is called |
| | A) | external/internal orientation. |
| | B) | locus of control. |
| | C) | an interdependent sense of self. |
| | D) | an independent sense of self. |
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| 13 | |
People in Florida know that hurricanes happen often during the hurricane season. For this reason, at the beginning of the hurricane season they buy supplies to make sure they can protect their property and families. This planning and preparedness illustrates |
| | A) | an external locus of control. |
| | B) | high self-monitoring. |
| | C) | high self-efficacy. |
| | D) | an internal locus of control. |
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| 14 | |
"Sometimes I feel like I don't have control over the direction my life is taking." This statement is most likely to be made by |
| | A) | someone with an external locus of control. |
| | B) | someone with high self-efficacy. |
| | C) | someone with an independent self. |
| | D) | someone with an internal locus of control. |
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| 15 | |
Often an external locus of control can lead to |
| | A) | unrealistic optimism. |
| | B) | learned helplessness. |
| | C) | a self-serving bias. |
| | D) | an increase in self-monitoring. |
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| 16 | |
Oftentimes individuals who are hard on their luck and on welfare seem to "give up," feeling like there is nothing they can do. This illustrates |
| | A) | unrealistic optimism. |
| | B) | a self-serving bias. |
| | C) | learned helplessness. |
| | D) | an increase in self-monitoring. |
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| 17 | |
After you receive an A on a test, you explain that you studied hard and deserved it. Yet after you fail the next test, you explain that you failed because you were out partying the night before, your roommate woke you up early, you felt sick, etc. This is an example of |
| | A) | high self-monitoring. |
| | B) | the actor/observer effect. |
| | C) | the fundamental attribution error. |
| | D) | the self-serving bias. |
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| 18 | |
Anticipating problems and harnessing one's anxiety to motivate effective action is termed |
| | A) | the self-serving bias. |
| | B) | high self-monitoring. |
| | C) | the actor/observer effect. |
| | D) | defensive pessimism. |
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| 19 | |
People who act like "social chameleons"—those who seem to change behavior and attitudes to fit every situation they're in—are generally considered |
| | A) | low self-monitors. |
| | B) | high self-monitors. |
| | C) | to be using the self-serving bias. |
| | D) | high in self-efficacy. |
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| 20 | |
According to Mark Leary, _______________ is an evolved psychological gauge by which we monitor and react to how others appraise us. |
| | A) | self-esteem |
| | B) | self-concept |
| | C) | self-schema |
| | D) | social identity |
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