| A) | A single cell formed through the fusion of an egg and a sperm in a process called fertilization.
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| B) | Siblings' common environmental experiences, such as their parents' personalities and intellectual oreientation, socioecnomic status, and neighborhood.
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| C) | The child's own unique experiences, within and outside the family, that are not shared by another sibling.
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| D) | Threadlike structures that contain the remarkable substance DNA; there are 23 pairs of these.
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| E) | The way an individual's genotype is expressed in observed and measurable characteristics.
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| F) | Stage in reproduction whereby an egg and a sperm fuse to create a single cell, called a zygote.
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| G) | A chromosome disorder in which males have an extra X chromosome, making them XXY instead of XY.
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| H) | The field that seeks to discover the influence of heredity and environment on individual differences in human traits and development.
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| I) | Correlations that exist when children seek out environments they find compatible and stimulating.
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| J) | Correlations that exist when the natural parents, who are genetically related to the child, provide a rearing environment for the child.
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| K) | Emphasizes the importance of adaptation, reproduction, and "survival of the fittest" in shaping behavior.
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| L) | A form of retardation of motor and mental abilities, caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21.
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| M) | Chromosmal disorder in which males have an extra Y chromosome.
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| N) | A specialized form of cell division that produces cells with only one copy of each chromosome. Meiosis forms eggs and sperm (or gametes).
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| O) | Chromosome disorder in females in which either an X chromosome is missing, making the person Xop instead of XX, or the second X chromosome is partially missing.
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| P) | A study in which the behavioral similarity of identical twins is compared with the behaviroral similarity of fraternal twins.
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| Q) | Cellular reproduction in which the cell's nucleus duplicates itself; each of the with two new cells being formed, each containsing the same DNA as the parent cell, arranged in the same 23 pairs of chromosomes.
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| R) | A person's genetic heritage; his or her unique genetic material.
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| S) | Genetic disorder involving an abnormality on a gene in the X chromosome, which does not produce protein properly and often breaks.
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| T) | A genetic disorder that affects the red blood cells and occurs most often in people of African descent.
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| U) | Genetic disorder in which an individual cannot properly metabolize an amino acide. PKU is now easily detected but, if left untreated, results in mental retardation and hyperactivity.
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| V) | A study in which investigators seek to discvover if children are more like theire adoptive parents than their biological parents.
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| W) | Units of hereditary information, composed of DNA, which direct cells to reproduce themselves and to assemble proteins.
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| X) | Emphasizes that development is the result of an ongoing, bidirectional interchange between heredity and environment.
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| Y) | Complex molecule that contains genetic information.
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| Z) | Correlations that exist when the child's genotype elicits certain types of physical and social environments.
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