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| 1 | |
The _____ principle of development suggests that growth begins at the center of the body and moves toward the extremes. |
| | A) | dynamic systems theory |
| | B) | proximodistal |
| | C) | cephalocaudal |
| | D) | lateralization |
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| 2 | |
The average North American newborn is ______ inches long and weighs ______ pounds. |
| | A) | 20/6.5 |
| | B) | 20/7.5 |
| | C) | 19/6.5 |
| | D) | 19/7.5 |
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| 3 | |
Regarding early brain development, which of the following statements is FALSE? |
| | A) | One of the most significant changes to the brain during the first two years of life is dendritic spreading. |
| | B) | Animal research suggests that the environment plays a key role in early brain development. |
| | C) | Myelination begins prenatally and ends during childhood. |
| | D) | The prefrontal region of the frontal lobe of the brain has the most prolonged period of development. |
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| 4 | |
At birth, the newborn's brain is about ______ percent of its adult weight. |
| | A) | 10 |
| | B) | 25 |
| | C) | 50 |
| | D) | 75 |
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| 5 | |
Which area of an infant's brain processes information about body sensations? |
| | A) | frontal lobe |
| | B) | temporal lobe |
| | C) | parietal lobe |
| | D) | occipital lobe |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following statements regarding language processing and brain specialization is TRUE? |
| | A) | "Left-brained" people are logical thinkers. |
| | B) | "Right-brained" people are creative thinkers. |
| | C) | Virtually all language processing is carried out in the left hemisphere. |
| | D) | Speech and grammar are localized to the left hemisphere, whereas the use of humor and metaphor involves the right hemisphere. |
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| 7 | |
All but which of the following are considered advantages of shared sleeping? |
| | A) | Co-sleeping babies have physiological responses indicative of less stress than non-co-sleeping babies. |
| | B) | Co-sleeping allows the parents to respond more quickly to the baby's cries. |
| | C) | Co-sleeping promotes breast-feeding. |
| | D) | Co-sleeping allows parents to more quickly detect dangerous breathing patterns in their babies. |
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| 8 | |
Which of the following statements does NOT characterize newborn REM (rapid eye movement) sleep? |
| | A) | One-half of the sleep cycle is REM sleep. |
| | B) | Infants typically begin their sleep with REM. |
| | C) | The amount of time spent in REM sleep increases with age. |
| | D) | REM sleep promotes brain development in babies. |
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| 9 | |
Regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), which of the following statements is FALSE? |
| | A) | Pediatricians recommend that babies sleep on their backs to reduce the risk of SIDS. |
| | B) | An inability to swallow effectively may be an important cause of SIDS. |
| | C) | The risk of SIDS is highest during the first month of life. |
| | D) | SIDS is the highest cause of infant death. |
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| 10 | |
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for SIDS? |
| | A) | being Hispanic |
| | B) | socioeconomic status |
| | C) | low birthweight |
| | D) | exposure to cigarette smoke |
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| 11 | |
Which of the following is NOT a nutritional recommendation for infants? |
| | A) | Infants should consume approximately 50 calories per day for each pound they weigh. |
| | B) | Parents should feed their infant a low-fat, low-calorie diet to establish healthy eating habits early on. |
| | C) | Overall, breast milk is preferable to formula. |
| | D) | Children under age 2 years should not consume skim milk. |
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| 12 | |
______ is a wasting away of body tissues in the infant's first year, caused by severe protein-calorie deficiency. |
| | A) | Kwashiorkor |
| | B) | Sudden infant death syndrome |
| | C) | Marasmus |
| | D) | Myelination |
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| 13 | |
Baby Nathan startles when presented with a sudden, intense noise, arching his back, throwing back his head, and flinging out his arms and legs. Which reflex is Nathan demonstrating? |
| | A) | grasping |
| | B) | rooting |
| | C) | sucking |
| | D) | Moro |
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| 14 | |
The infant would use which of the following reflexes to obtain food? |
| | A) | sucking |
| | B) | rooting |
| | C) | Moro |
| | D) | both a and b |
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| 15 | |
Which of the following children is NOT using a gross motor skill? |
| | A) | Abby walks from her mother to her father. |
| | B) | LaToya, lying on her stomach, lifts her head for the first time. |
| | C) | Charity picks up a penny using her thumb and forefinger. |
| | D) | Dawn crawls from one side of the room to another to play with a toy. |
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| 16 | |
Which gross motor skill achievement comes before sitting without support? |
| | A) | rolling over |
| | B) | standing with support |
| | C) | pulling to a stand |
| | D) | walking |
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| 17 | |
Tristan can scribble with a large crayon, hold a pencil, and make a mark on a sheet of paper, and build a four-block tower. Given the normal progression of fine motor skills, how old would you guess Tristan to be? |
| | A) | 3 months |
| | B) | 9 months |
| | C) | 15 months |
| | D) | 21 months |
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| 18 | |
______ occurs when information interacts with the eyes, ears, tongue, nostrils, and skin. |
| | A) | Perception |
| | B) | Sensation |
| | C) | Affordance |
| | D) | Intermodal perception |
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| 19 | |
The visual cliff is used to study infant: ______. |
| | A) | depth perception. |
| | B) | visual acuity and color. |
| | C) | visual preferences. |
| | D) | visual expectations. |
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| 20 | |
Regarding infant sensory abilities, which of the following statements is FALSE? |
| | A) | The fetus can hear several weeks before birth. |
| | B) | Newborns respond to touch and can feel pain. |
| | C) | Newborns have difficulty differentiating odors. |
| | D) | Sensitivity to taste appears to be present before birth. |
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| 21 | |
Which term best describes the relationship between perceptual development and motor development in infancy? |
| | A) | distinct |
| | B) | unrelated |
| | C) | coupled |
| | D) | None of these; psychologists are unsure about the relationship between these two areas of development. |
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| 22 | |
An important contributor to depth perception develops at about age 3 months. What is it called? |
| | A) | visual preference method |
| | B) | intermodal perception |
| | C) | binocular vision |
| | D) | Moro reflex |
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