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| 1 | |
A (An) __________ is a cognitive structure that helps individuals organize and understand their experiences. |
| | A) | scheme |
| | B) | primary circular reaction |
| | C) | intentionality |
| | D) | object permanence |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following is Piaget's stage of cognitive development for infancy? |
| | A) | formal operational. |
| | B) | concrete operational. |
| | C) | preoperational. |
| | D) | sensorimotor. |
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| 3 | |
According to Piaget, one of the most important accomplishments in infancy is the development of __________. |
| | A) | infant-directed speech. |
| | B) | dishabituation. |
| | C) | object permanence. |
| | D) | receptive vocabulary. |
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| 4 | |
Piaget suggested that the third substage of the sensorimotor stage occurred between ages __________. |
| | A) | 1 and 4 months. |
| | B) | 4 and 8 months. |
| | C) | 8 and 12 months. |
| | D) | 12 and 18 months. |
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| 5 | |
Piaget's fifth substage of the sensorimotor period involves __________ circular reactions. |
| | A) | primary |
| | B) | secondary |
| | C) | tertiary |
| | D) | DQ |
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| 6 | |
Research evaluating Piaget's sensorimotor stage suggests that perceptual development occurs __________ than Piaget suggested and that conceptual development occurs __________ than Piaget envisioned. |
| | A) | later; later |
| | B) | later; earlier |
| | C) | earlier; later |
| | D) | earlier; earlier |
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| 7 | |
The term __________ refers to an infant's renewed interest in a stimulus. |
| | A) | habituation |
| | B) | dishabituation |
| | C) | deferred imitation |
| | D) | memory |
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| 8 | |
Andrew Meltzoff is known for __________. |
| | A) | demonstrating how infants can retain information through conditioning. |
| | B) | developing the developmental quotient. |
| | C) | demonstrating infants' imitative abilities. |
| | D) | developing the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. |
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| 9 | |
The term ___________ refers to memory without conscious recollection. |
| | A) | implicit memory |
| | B) | explicit memory |
| | C) | infantile memory |
| | D) | reflective memory |
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| 10 | |
Memory, manipulation, and auditory and visual attention are measures in which of the Bayley scales of infant development? |
| | A) | mental. |
| | B) | motor. |
| | C) | behavior. |
| | D) | cognition. |
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| 11 | |
Regarding the measurement of infant intelligence, which of the following statements is TRUE? |
| | A) | Global infant intelligence measures are good predictors of childhood intelligence. |
| | B) | The most widely used assessment of infant intelligence is the Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence. |
| | C) | Specific aspects of infant intelligence have been poor predictors of childhood intelligence, especially in specific areas of cognitive ability. |
| | D) | There is both continuity and discontinuity between infant cognitive development and development later in childhood. |
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| 12 | |
__________ is a form of communication based on a system of symbols. |
| | A) | Infinite generativity |
| | B) | Receptive vocabulary |
| | C) | Language |
| | D) | Telegraphic speech |
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| 13 | |
At 1 year of age, the average child has a receptive vocabulary of __________ words. |
| | A) | five |
| | B) | 12 |
| | C) | 200 to 275 |
| | D) | 300 |
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| 14 | |
Which term best describes an infant's first words? |
| | A) | infant-directed speech. |
| | B) | holophrase. |
| | C) | telegraphic speech . |
| | D) | receptive vocabulary. |
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| 15 | |
A 20-month-old child would most likely communicate with __________. |
| | A) | babbling. |
| | B) | holophrases. |
| | C) | two-word utterances. |
| | D) | telegraphic speech. |
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| 16 | |
__________ is a biological endowment that enables children to detect certain language categories, such as phonology, syntax, and semantics. |
| | A) | Infant-directed speech |
| | B) | A language acquisition device |
| | C) | Infinite generativity |
| | D) | Recasting |
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| 17 | |
The left frontal lobe of the brain that directs the muscle movements involved in speech production is known commonly today by what name? |
| | A) | Aphasia's area |
| | B) | Broca's area |
| | C) | Wernicke's area |
| | D) | None of the above |
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| 18 | |
Regarding the results of Hart and Risley's study of socioeconomic status and language development, which of the following statements is NOT true? |
| | A) | All the children developed normally in terms of learning to talk and basic vocabulary. |
| | B) | In a typical hour, middle-income professional parents spent almost twice as much time communicating with their children as welfare parents did. |
| | C) | Some of the 3-year-old children from the professional parent households had a recorded vocabulary that exceeded that of the welfare parents. |
| | D) | None of the above are findings from this study. |
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| 19 | |
When Jacob says "Me big boy!" his mother replies "Yes, you are a big boy!" This is known as __________. |
| | A) | recasting. |
| | B) | echoing. |
| | C) | labeling. |
| | D) | expanding. |
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