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| 1 | |
Which of the following factors can be involved in the experience of emotion? |
| | A) | physiological arousal but not conscious experience or behavior. |
| | B) | conscious experience but not physiological arousal or behavior. |
| | C) | behavior but not physiological arousal or conscious experience. |
| | D) | All of thesethe above can be associated with emotion. |
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| 2 | |
__________ is the gradually developing ability to inhibit or minimize the intensity and duration of feelings. |
| | A) | Emotional regulation |
| | B) | Stranger anxiety |
| | C) | Affect |
| | D) | Temperament |
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| 3 | |
For the average infant, social smiles begin to appear at __________. |
| | A) | 2 to 3 months. |
| | B) | 3 to 4 weeks. |
| | C) | 5 to 7 months. |
| | D) | 9 to 12 months. |
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| 4 | |
Baby Joshua lets out a long initial cry followed by an extended period of breath holding. This pattern can best be described as a (/an) __________. |
| | A) | anger cry. |
| | B) | basic cry. |
| | C) | pain cry. |
| | D) | negative affectivity. |
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| 5 | |
Which set of descriptors is associated with a famous study of infant temperament? |
| | A) | secure, insecure, and disorganized. |
| | B) | positive and negative affectivity. |
| | C) | anger cry, basic cry, and pain cry. |
| | D) | easy baby, difficult baby, and slow-to-warm-up baby. |
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| 6 | |
Baby Elizabeth has a low activity level, is somewhat negative, and displays a low intensity of mood. She would best be described as __________. |
| | A) | slow-to-warm-up. |
| | B) | easy. |
| | C) | difficult. |
| | D) | sociable. |
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| 7 | |
__________ refers to the match between a child's temperament and the environmental demands the child must cope with. |
| | A) | Stranger anxiety |
| | B) | Emotional regulation |
| | C) | Goodness of fit |
| | D) | Attachment |
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| 8 | |
Which of Erikson's stages are relevant to development in infancy? |
| | A) | only trust versus mistrust. |
| | B) | only autonomy versus shame. |
| | C) | initiative versus guilt. |
| | D) | trust versus mistrust AND autonomy versus shame. |
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| 9 | |
Which of the following researchers did NOT study attachment? |
| | A) | Harry Harlow and Robert Zimmerman |
| | B) | Mary Ainsworth |
| | C) | John Bowlby |
| | D) | Sheila Kamerman |
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| 10 | |
According to Bowlby, in which phase do infants develop specific attachments? |
| | A) | phase 1. |
| | B) | phase 2. |
| | C) | phase 3. |
| | D) | phase 4. |
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| 11 | |
Mai uses her mother as a secure base from which to explore her environment. Which type of baby would she be classified as? |
| | A) | insecure avoidant. |
| | B) | securely attached. |
| | C) | insecure resistant. |
| | D) | disorganized. |
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| 12 | |
Which caregiving style is related to the insecure resistant style of attachment in infants? |
| | A) | sensitivity to baby's needs and consistently available to meet them. |
| | B) | unavailable or rejecting. |
| | C) | inconsistently available and usually not affectionate. |
| | D) | neglectful or physically abusive. |
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| 13 | |
The principle of reciprocal socialization suggests that parents __________ socialize children and children __________ socialize parents. |
| | A) | do; do |
| | B) | do; do not |
| | C) | do not; do |
| | D) | do not; do not |
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| 14 | |
__________ is parental behavior that supports children's efforts, allowing them to be more skillful than they would be if they were to rely solely on their own abilities. |
| | A) | Reciprocal socialization |
| | B) | Attachment |
| | C) | MAX |
| | D) | Scaffolding |
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| 15 | |
Which country has the most extensive family leave policy for new parents? |
| | A) | United States |
| | B) | Australia. |
| | C) | Sweden |
| | D) | China |
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| 16 | |
Regarding gender differences in parental caregiving, which of the following statements is TRUE? |
| | A) | Paternal interactions are less likely to include play. |
| | B) | Mothers engage in more rough-and-tumble play with their infants. |
| | C) | Infants consistently demonstrate a preference for the mother. |
| | D) | Maternal interactions usually center on childcare activities. |
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| 17 | |
In a recent study on child care, conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, which of the following was found to be FALSE? |
| | A) | Infants in more than 10 hours per week of day care demonstrated lower levels of attachment to their mothers. |
| | B) | Child-care quality was linked with fewer child-care problems. |
| | C) | Infants from low-income families were more likely to receive low-quality child care than their high-income counterparts. |
| | D) | Quality of care included things such aslike group size and child–adult ratio. |
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