| bullying | Aggression deliberately and persistently directed against a particular target, or victim, typically one who is weak, vulnerable, and defenseless. 385
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| coregulation | Transitional stage in the control of behavior in which parents exercise general supervision and children exercise moment-to-moment self-regulation. 368
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| externalizing behaviors | Behaviors by which a child acts out emotional difficulties; for example, aggression or hostility. 368
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| hostile aggression | Aggressive behavior intended to hurt another person. 382
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| hostile attribution bias | Tendency for individuals to perceive others as trying to hurt them and to strike out in retaliation or self-defense. 383
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| industry versus inferiority | Erikson's fourth crisis of psychosocial development, in which children must learn the productive skills their culture requires or else face feelings of inferiority. 366
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| instrumental aggression | Aggressive behavior used as a means of achieving a goal. 304, 382
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| internalizing behaviors | Behaviors by which emotional problems are turned inward; for example, anxiety or depression. 368
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| prejudice | Unfavorable attitude toward members of certain groups outside one's own, especially racial or ethnic groups. 379
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| protective factors | Factors that reduce the impact of potentially negative influences and tend to predict positive outcomes. 126, 388
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| representational systems | Broad, inclusive self-concepts that integrate various aspects of the self. 366
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| resilient children | Children who weather adverse circumstances, function well despite challenges or threats, or bounce back from traumatic events. 388
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