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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
Cotton cloth was valued by European consumers in the eighteenth century because
A)it was rare and considered a luxury.
B)it was comfortable and convenient.
C)it was a British product and so considered patriotic.
D)it lasted longer than wool.
E)all of the above
2
Improvements in transportation, such as the railroads and steamships,
A)lowered transportation costs.
B)linked industrial centers with overseas resources.
C)facilitated the movement of people as well as goods.
D)facilitated delivery of manufactured products to consumers.
E)all of the above
3
Which of the following was not a significant labor-saving invention in the production of cotton cloth?
A)the flying shuttle
B)the steam-driven spinning "mule"
C)the Bessemer converter
D)the power loom
E)all of the above were significant labor-saving inventions
4
From the perspective of the worker, the factory system meant
A)better working conditions than piecework done at home.
B)better pay for skilled work.
C)greater opportunities for advancement within a free market system.
D)harsh discipline and close supervision.
E)an opportunity for families to work together.
5
The Luddites were threatened by the industrialization of what particular industry?
A)iron works
B)pottery
C)railroads
D)steel works
E)textiles
6
The British maintained their head start in industrialization by
A)sabotaging the efforts of their competitors.
B)forbidding the export of machinery and expertise.
C)constant innovation and renovation.
D)significant government support of industry.
E)all of the above
7
In what nation did the government give significant support to industry in the late nineteenth century?
A)Britain
B)Canada
C)France
D)Germany
E)United States
8
Which of the following was not part of Count Witte's policy of industrialization?
A)construction of the trans-Siberian railroad.
B)banking reform to encourage domestic savings and investment.
C)government support for steamship companies.
D)nationalization of key industries such as coal and steel.
E)promotion of foreign investment in Russian industry.
9
Eli Whitney invented the
A)spinning jenny.
B)assembly line.
C)Bessemer converter.
D)cotton gin.
E)steamship.
10
James Watt revolutionized the steam engine by
A)mounting it on a train.
B)making the world's first steamship.
C)using one to make inexpensive steel.
D)having steam engines turn a wheel thereby converting steam power into rotary motion
E)all of the above
11
Abundant and accessible coal deposits proved critical in helping Britain to industrialize.
A)True
B)False
12
Railroads proved pivotal to the unfolding industrial revolution.
A)True
B)False
13
The emancipation of Russian serfs in 1861 resulted from a successful revolution.
A)True
B)False
14
Russian defeat by France and Britain in the Crimean War stemmed, fundamentally, from poor leadership.
A)True
B)False
15
Iron production rose dramatically in eighteenth century England after British producers replaced charcoal with coke as a source of fuel.
A)True
B)False
16
One advantage of the industrial corporation was
A)the limited liability for investors.
B)the possibility for government-sponsored monopoly.
C)the ability to remain flexible and small-scale.
D)the opportunity to improve the standard of living of many more workers.
E)all of the above
17
During the late nineteenth century, government authorities moved to resolve the problems of industrial cities by doing all of the following except
A)improving municipal water supplies.
B)expanding sewage systems.
C)implementing building codes.
D)building parks and recreational facilities.
E)moving poor people to rural utopias.
18
By 1900, birthrates had sharply declined in most industrialized countries because
A)raising children was more expensive in an industrial society than in an agricultural one.
B)declining infant mortality meant that more of the children born were likely to survive.
C)improved health and nutrition reduced overall death rates.
D)married couples actively practiced birth control.
E)all of the above
19
In Britain, one outcome of the laws against child labor in the late nineteenth century was that
A)all children were required to attend public school.
B)poor children were forced to do piecework at home.
C)children spent more time away from their parents than when they had been working.
D)working class parents were obliged to find childcare.
E)all of the above
20
As a result of industrialization, nineteenth century middle class women
A)won equal political rights.
B)won economic rights, but lost political rights.
C)found themselves confined to the domestic sphere.
D)all of the above
E)none of the above
21
In their critique of industrial capitalism, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels claimed that
A)the trade union movement would force industry to accept social reforms.
B)capitalists would eventually provide safe working conditions.
C)the bourgeois class needed to exercise responsibility toward their workers.
D)democracy had failed because most workers did not understand their true interests; a dictatorship would serve them better.
E)capitalism divided people into two classes: the capitalist elite and the exploited proletariat.
22
In response to socialist demands for social and economic reform, governments
A)prohibited underground employment for women.
B)provided retirement pensions.
C)passed laws restricting child labor.
D)extended the vote to the working class.
E)all of the above
23
The Tokugawa shogunate was overthrown because
A)the intrusion of foreign powers begun by Commodore Perry of the United States produced a domestic crisis in Japan.
B)the samurai were in debt to the merchant class.
C)the emperor had failed in his obligations to protect the Japanese people.
D)the daimyo led a tax revolt.
E)Japanese merchants wanted more access to western goods and technology.
24
The Meiji restoration moved aggressively to
A)restore traditional values and economic practices.
B)eliminate the emperor.
C)built a powerful economy.
D)prevent further contact with foreign nations.
E)all of the above
25
Japan's economic and political rise was evident in all of the following except
A)its conquest of Malaysia in 1911.
B)its conclusion of an alliance with Great Britain in 1902.
C)its military victory over China in 1894-1895.
D)its victory over the Russian empire in 1904-1905.
E)all of the above
26
John Rockefeller's Standard Oil is an example of vertical organization.
A)True
B)False
27
By 1900, birthrates had sharply declined in most industrialized countries because raising children was more expensive in an industrial society than in an agricultural one.
A)True
B)False
28
In the Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels argued that all human history had been a struggle between socialists and communists.
A)True
B)False
29
Zaibatsu were a new feudal class that warred with the samurai during the Meiji Restoration.
A)True
B)False
30
Cartels were business combinations that sought to eliminate competition.
A)True
B)False





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