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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
The word religion is usually interpreted by scholars to mean
A)renewal.
B)worship.
C)reconnecting.
D)belief in a higher power.
2
Beliefs enacted and made real through ceremonies, certain objects, or specialized locations or buildings define the characteristic of
A)ritual.
B)sacredness.
C)ethics.
D)community.
3
Familiar term for the sacred reality, particularly in the Western world.
A)monotheism
B)polytheism
C)transcendent
D)God
4
Many scholars think that religious symbols
A)point to some structure that underlies all religions.
B)account for the origin of religion.
C)have a literal meaning only.
D)are a projection of the fear and insecurity of childhood.
5
A state of original purity, a battle to fight disorder, a sacrificial death are examples of
A)the sacred.
B)ritual.
C)projected beliefs.
D)symbolic stories of transformation.
6
One of the three orientations of religions, focusing on rituals and ceremonies as the path to salvation.
A)sacramental
B)prophetic
C)mystical
D)communal
7
The orientation that seeks union with a reality greater than oneself.
A)sacramental
B)prophetic
C)mystical
D)communal
8
The orientation that stresses contact with the sacred by proper belief and by adherence to moral rules.
A)sacramental
B)prophetic
C)mystical
D)communal
9
Religions that emphasize a creation and a history that is limited and unrepeatable conceive time as
A)cyclical.
B)central.
C)linear.
D)peripheral.
10
Religions that believe the universe simply moves through endless changes that often repeat themselves conceive time as
A)cyclical.
B)central.
C)linear.
D)sacred.
11
Religions that are inclusive frequently
A)emphasize the sacred as distinct from the world and believe that order must be imposed through separation.
B)gather believers together for elaborate rites and ceremonies.
C)admit many types of beliefs and practices and stress social harmony.
D)worship a sole male deity.
12
The female divine is sometimes symbolized by
A)daggers and trees.
B)eggs and spirals.
C)long hair and stars.
D)rocks and clouds.
13
This common approach to religion stresses following reason rather than religious authority and tries to fit answers into a systematic whole.
A)mythology
B)psychology
C)archeology
D)philosophy
14
Nineteenth- and twentieth-century English anthropologist who saw religion as being rooted in worship of ancestors and nature spirits.
A)Rudolf Otto
B)William James
C)E.B. Tylor
D)Wilhelm Schmidt
15
A Swiss psychoanalyst who described religion as something that grew out of the individual's need to arrive at personal fulfillment, which he called individuation.
A)Carl Gustav Jung
B)William James
C)E.B. Tylor
D)James Frazer
16
Scottish anthropologist and author of "The Golden Bough" who saw the origins of religion in early attempts by human beings to influence nature and who identified religion as an intermediate stage between magic and science.
A)James Frazer
B)Rudolf Otto
C)William James
D)Wilhelm Schmidt
17
Founder of psychoanalysis who theorized that belief in a God or gods arose from an adult's projection of powerful and long-lasting childhood experiences with his or her parents.
A)Rudolf Otto
B)James Frazer
C)William James
D)Sigmund Freud
18
The belief in many gods.
A)polytheism
B)agnosticism
C)pantheism
D)monotheism
19
American psychologist who viewed religion as positive way of fulfilling needs and praised its positive influence on the lives of individuals.
A)James Frazer
B)Carl Gustav Jung
C)E.B. Tylor
D)William James
20
A worldview common among indigenous religions that see all elements of nature as being filled with spirit or spirits.
A)agnosticism
B)monotheism
C)nontheism
D)animism
21
German theologian who argued in "The Idea of the Holy" that religions emerge when people experience that aspect of reality which is essentially mysterious.
A)William James
B)Carl Gustav Jung
C)E.B. Tylor
D)Rudolf Otto
22
Not asserting or denying the existence of any deity; unconcerned with the supernatural.
A)agnosticism
B)animism
C)nontheism
D)polytheism
23
The position that holds that the existence of God cannot be proven.
A)agnosticism
B)nontheism
C)pantheism
D)animism
24
Existing and operating within nature.
A)transcendent
B)benevolent
C)immanent
D)decadent
25
Not limited by the physical world.
A)Transcendent
B)Immanent
C)Benevolent
D)Redolent
26
The belief in one God.
A)pantheism
B)animism
C)monotheism
D)nontheism
27
The belief that reality is made of two different principles (spirit and matter); or the belief in two gods (good and evil) in conflict.
A)animism
B)dualism
C)nontheism
D)monotheism
28
The belief that everything in the universe is divine.
A)nontheism
B)pantheism
C)agnosticism
D)animism
29
Austrian ethnographer and philologist who argued that all humankind once believed in a single High God and that to this simple monotheism later beliefs in lesser gods and spirits were added.
A)James Frazer
B)William James
C)Wilhelm Schmidt
D)Carl Gustav Jung
30
The position that holds that there is no God or gods.
A)nontheism
B)pantheism
C)agnosticism
D)atheism
31
The French sociologist who argued that religious behavior is relative to the society in which it is found, and that a society will often use a religion to reinforce its own values.
A)William James
B)Wilhelm Schmidt
C)Carl Gustav Jung
D)Emile Durkheim
32
The French thinker who developed the approach of structuralism when he first recognized extraordinary structural similarities in stories told by tribal peoples of the Americas was
A)Foucault
B)Durkheim
C)Derrida
D)Levi-Strauss





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