| Aesthetics | The philosophical study of art and of value judgments about art and of beauty in general.
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| Delphi Oracle | An oracle is a shrine where a priest delivers a god's response to a human question, this being the most famous oracle which is said to have pronounced Socrates the wisest of people.
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| Form | In Plato's philosophy, that which is denoted by a general word (such as "good") that applies to more than a single thing.
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| Myth of the Cave | Plato uses this vivid allegory to explain his two-realms philosophy. In the Myth of the Cave, a group of prisoners is placed so they can see, on the wall of the cave, only reflections of objects carried back and forth in front of a fire behind them. Because the reflections are all they see, the prisoners assume the reflections to be reality.
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| Plato | Famous for his Theory of Forms and his two-realm doctrine two separate worlds with two types of knowledge.
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| Platonic dualism | Two-ism; the doctrine that existing things belong to one or another but not both of two distinct categories of things, usually deemed to be physical and nonphysical or spiritual.
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| Plato's "dialogues" | Two dozen compositions by Plato, of which the most famous is the Republic.
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| Skeptic | One who questions or suspends judgment on the possibility of knowledge.
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| skepticism | The doctrine that true knowledge is uncertain or impossible.
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| Socrates | Plato's mentor and philosophy's most illustrious practitioner of the Socratic / dialectic method.
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| Socratic (or dialectic) method | Is a search for the proper definition of a thing, a definition that will not permit refutation under Socratic questioning.
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| Sophists | Ancient Greek teachers of rhetoric. Through them and Socrates, moral philosophy began.
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| Theory of Forms | Plato's central metaphysical concept.
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| Theory of the Divided Line | Is used by Plato to contrast knowledge, on one hand (the upper line), with mere belief or opinion, on the other (the lower part).
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