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Fundamental Principles of Genetics
Chapter Quiz
1
What is the most basic unit of inheritance that codes for the production of a protein?
A)
gene
B)
chromosome
C)
nucleus
D)
allele
2
What is the specific term that refers to the chromosomes in the cells other than the sex chromosomes?
A)
homologous
B)
haploid
C)
autosomes
D)
tetrads
E)
dyads
3
What is the name of the condition created when an entire set of chromosomes is duplicated, causing more than the normal "2n" number in body cells?
A)
duplication
B)
inversion
C)
translocation
D)
nondisjunction
E)
polyploidy
4
What type of cell division creates the sex cells in domestic animals?
A)
mitosis
B)
meiosis
5
What is the name given to the "triplet code" information storage system for genetic information?
A)
codon
B)
mitotic code
C)
nucleotide
D)
tetrad
E)
dyad
6
The base units found in DNA and RNA are either pyrimidines or what other unit?
A)
phosphoric acid
B)
ribose
C)
deoxyribose
D)
purines
E)
amino acid
7
An individual "triplet code" stores information for producing what item?
A)
a strand of DNA
B)
a protein
C)
an amino acid
D)
a nucleotide
E)
a strand of RNA
8
What is the material that carries the genetic code for a protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?
A)
DNA
B)
messenger RNA
C)
transfer RNA
D)
cytoplasmic peptide
E)
ribosome
9
When the genes in an allelic pair code for two differing expressions of phenotype for a trait, the pair is said to be in what condition?
A)
heterozygous
B)
homozygous
C)
overdominant
D)
epistatic
10
What is the term given to an inheritance pattern that is expressed as dominant or recessive depending upon the sex of the animal?
A)
sex-linked
B)
sex-influenced
C)
sex-limited
11
The appearance of sex-limited traits is generally related to what activity?
A)
epistasis
B)
production of sex hormones
C)
partial dominance expression
D)
new mutations occurring during the animals growing period
12
The roan coat color in cattle is caused by a condition called "overdominance" which is defined as interaction between two or more pairs of gene alleles.
A)
TRUE
B)
FALSE
13
In a typical dominant and recessive situation for a trait influenced by a single gene pair, there can be only two differing phenotypes and two differing genotypes inherited.
A)
TRUE
B)
FALSE
14
Sex-linked traits refer to traits impacted by genes carried on the portion of the "X" sex chromosome that is not homologous with the "Y" sex chromosome.
A)
TRUE
B)
FALSE
15
The term "allelomorphs" refers to a grouping of more than one chromosome pairs that may interact to define a trait.
A)
TRUE
B)
FALSE
16
Although the bacterium
E coli
is best know by the public as the cause of food borne illness, it is also utilized as a "factory" to produce human growth hormone for treatment of a human genetic disorder.
A)
TRUE
B)
FALSE
17
Currently, cloning technology to create "twins" can produce animals with only about 72% similarity in genetic material.
A)
TRUE
B)
FALSE
18
The basic functions of a gene are to replicate itself and to send a code to the cytoplasm to build certain proteins.
A)
TRUE
B)
FALSE
19
Meiosis only occurs in the gonads.
A)
TRUE
B)
FALSE
20
Genes are made up of nucleotides. Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base linked to a glycerol backbone.
A)
TRUE
B)
FALSE
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