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| 1 | |
Culminating in an historic victory in 1954, black activists in the early twentieth century generally pursued civil rights through |
| | A) | legal action. |
| | B) | legislative action. |
| | C) | presidential action. |
| | D) | bureaucratic action. |
| | E) | mass-media action. |
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| 2 | |
In the Dred Scott decision, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that |
| | A) | human beings could not be property. |
| | B) | none of the Amendments in the Bill of Rights apply to the states. |
| | C) | to be a citizen of the United States, a person had to own property. |
| | D) | slaves could buy their freedom. |
| | E) | slaves had no rights, whether they were living in slave states or free states. |
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| 3 | |
The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas ruling (1954) held that racial segregation in schools violated the |
| | A) | due process clause of the Fifth Amendment. |
| | B) | due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. |
| | C) | equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. |
| | D) | Civil Rights Act. |
| | E) | establishment clause of the First Amendment. |
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| 4 | |
What organization, begun in the early twentieth century by a newspaper publisher, has had a large impact on removing racial discrimination from American society? |
| | A) | the Civil Rights Union |
| | B) | ANCCAP |
| | C) | NAACP |
| | D) | Federation of Citizens |
| | E) | None of these answers is correct |
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| 5 | |
What did Rosa Parks do that affected the course of the civil rights movement? |
| | A) | She refused to give up her seat in the front of a bus for a white passenger. |
| | B) | She helped desegregate Little Rock High School. |
| | C) | She ate at an all-white lunch counter. |
| | D) | She both ate at an all-white lunch counter and helped desegregate Little Rock High School. |
| | E) | All these answers are correct. |
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| 6 | |
Any law that attempts a racial or ethnic classification is subject to the |
| | A) | reasonable basis test. |
| | B) | strict scrutiny test. |
| | C) | intermediate scrutiny test. |
| | D) | precedent basis test. |
| | E) | suspect classification test. |
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| 7 | |
The Supreme Court's decision in the Regents of the University of California v. Bakke case |
| | A) | invalidated the principle of affirmative action. |
| | B) | ruled that Bakke could not be admitted to medical school. |
| | C) | established quota systems as a legitimate basis of affirmative action. |
| | D) | upheld the principle of affirmative action. |
| | E) | None of these answers is correct. |
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| 8 | |
An example of a policy that aimed chiefly to overcome de facto discrimination is |
| | A) | the Equal Rights Amendment. |
| | B) | the Voting Rights Act of 1965. |
| | C) | busing to achieve racial integration in the schools. |
| | D) | the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas ruling. |
| | E) | the Fourteenth Amendment. |
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| 9 | |
Which statement is correct? |
| | A) | The black civil rights movement helped other minorities in the United States in their own struggle for equality. |
| | B) | Hispanics are the largest minority group in the United States today. |
| | C) | Asian Americans have increased their numbers rapidly since 1990. |
| | D) | Both are correct: Asian Americans have increased their numbers rapidly since 1990, and Hispanics are the largest minority group in the United States today. |
| | E) | All these answers are correct. |
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| 10 | |
_____ is widely regarded as the most influential Latino leader in modern U.S. history. |
| | A) | Kiki de la Garza |
| | B) | Ben Nighthorse Campbell |
| | C) | Cesar Chavez |
| | D) | Loretta Sanchez |
| | E) | Alberto Gonzalez |
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| 11 | |
Women gained the right to vote in national elections in |
| | A) | 1848. |
| | B) | 1870. |
| | C) | 1903. |
| | D) | 1920. |
| | E) | 1945. |
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| 12 | |
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was aimed chiefly at eliminating discrimination |
| | A) | by governments in their conduct of elections (e.g., registration, placement of polling booths). |
| | B) | by private individuals in their social relations—bigoted statements and other acts of prejudice are unlawful under most circumstances. |
| | C) | by governments in their job practices and provision of services (e.g., schools, roads). |
| | D) | by private individuals in their employment practices and in their operation of public accommodations (e.g., hotels, restaurants). |
| | E) | against gays and lesbians. |
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