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| 1 | |
A distinctive feature of a neuron is its: |
| | A) | ability to nourish, insulate, help repair damage, and generally support neural functioning. |
| | B) | distinctive shape, which looks like twisted tree branches. |
| | C) | ability to maintain homeostasis and regulate vital behavior. |
| | D) | ability to communicate with other cells and transmit information across relatively long distances. |
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| 2 | |
A glial cell: |
| | A) | provides structural support for a neuron. |
| | B) | provides nourishment, insulates, and repairs damage to neurons |
| | C) | generally supports neural functioning. |
| | D) | All of these. |
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| 3 | |
The three major parts of the neuron are: |
| | A) | the glial cells, the dendrites, and the cell body. |
| | B) | the dendrites, he cell body, and the axon. |
| | C) | the dendrites, the cell body, and the myelin sheath. |
| | D) | the glial cells, the cell body, and the axon. |
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| 4 | |
A myelin sheath: |
| | A) | cannot prevent messages from short-circuiting one another. |
| | B) | decreases the velocity with which the electrical impulses (that carry the messages) travel through the axons. |
| | C) | is similar to a casing on a sausage. |
| | D) | fire neurons. |
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| 5 | |
Just after an action potential has passed through a section of the axon, the cell membrane in that region cannot admit positive ions again for a few milliseconds, and so: |
| | A) | the neuron cannot fire again immediately. |
| | B) | a second impulse travels along the axon more slowly. |
| | C) | the neuron will fire again immediately. |
| | D) | the neuron is in a normal resting state. |
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| 6 | |
A neuron that fires not only when a person enacts a particular behavior, but also when a person simply observes another individual carrying out the same behavior is called a(n): |
| | A) | mirror neuron. |
| | B) | motor neuron. |
| | C) | nonmyelinated neuron. |
| | D) | excitatory neuron. |
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| 7 | |
_________ make it more likely that a receiving neuron will fire, whereas ______________ prevent or decrease the likelihood that a receiving neuron will fire. |
| | A) | Myelinated neurons; nonmyelinated neurons |
| | B) | GABA neurotransmitters; dopamine neurotransmitters |
| | C) | Excitatory messages; inhibitory messages |
| | D) | None of these. |
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| 8 | |
When a neurotransmitter is reabsorbed by the terminal button, this process is called: |
| | A) | vacuuming. |
| | B) | selective siphoning. |
| | C) | suctioning. |
| | D) | reuptake. |
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| 9 | |
One class of neurotransmitters consisting of a family of chemicals produced by the brain that are similar in structure to painkilling drugs is: |
| | A) | gamma-amino butyric acid. |
| | B) | serotonin. |
| | C) | acetylcholine. |
| | D) | endorphins. |
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