| action stereotyping | Occurs when an officer expects an event to unfold in a particular way; it can result in the officer's failure to see the event the way it actually occurred.
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| carjacking | The crime of taking a motor vehicle from the motorist or passenger, or from his or her immediate presence, by use of force, fear, or threat of force, with the intent to temporarily or permanently deprive the owner of its use.
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| home-invasion robbery (HIR) | A crime in which one or more offenders deliberately enter a home to commit robbery; characterized by gangs who target individuals rather than residences and use violence to terrify and control their victims.
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| lookouts | Accomplices of a robber who watch for police and may provide armed backup for the offender.
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| muggings | A robbery in which the perpetrator attacks and beats the victim but no weapons are involved.
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| physical stereotyping | Occurs when an officer expects that the robber will fit a preconceived description; can result in the escape of a suspect or harm to the officer.
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| planned operation | A robbery that involves careful planning and no planned use of force; has less likelihood of apprehension and generates a large score.
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| robbery | The crime of taking and carrying away the personal property of another by means of force, fear, or threat of force, with the intent to permanently deprive the owner of its use.
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| selective raid | A robbery that involves a minimal amount of casual planning and may be repeated several times in rapid succession.
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| situational stereotyping | Occurs when an officer's knowledge and experience with a location creates the expectation that the present situation will be the same as past situations; increases the officer's vulnerability.
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| strong-armed robbery | A robbery in which the perpetrator attacks and beats the victim but no weapons are involved.
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