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Introduction to Criminal Justice, 3/e
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History and Structure of American Law Enforcement
Practice Tests
1
Jurisdiction includes
A)
the authority of a justice agency to act in regard to a particular subject area
B)
the laws a particular police agency is permitted to enforce
C)
the duties a particular police agency is allowed to perform
D)
all of the above
2
Which of the following cannot limit the authority of police?
A)
courts
B)
police civilian review boards
C)
crime victims
D)
civil liability lawsuits
3
A protection system that emerged in England in the 12th century and involved a group of ten families agreeing to follow the law and keep the peace in their area was known as the
A)
tithing system
B)
posse system
C)
constable-watch system
D)
bobby system
4
In 1748, Henry Fielding founded a publicly funded detective force known as the
A)
Bow Street Runners
B)
London Posse
C)
London Metropolitan Police
D)
shire reeve
5
Which of the following was
not
one of Peel's Principles of Policing?
A)
the police must be stable, efficient, and organized along military lines
B)
the police must be free from government control
C)
the distribution of crime news is essential
D)
good appearance commands respect
6
The system of protection that colonists brought with them from England to the American colonies was the
A)
tithing system
B)
posse system
C)
constable-watch system
D)
metropolitan police system
7
The first paid, unified police force in the United States was established in
A)
Philadelphia
B)
Boston
C)
New York City
D)
San Francisco
8
One of the earliest problems with police forces in the United States was
A)
corruption, particularly the acceptance of bribes
B)
lack of political responsiveness
C)
too many controls on the discretion of officers
D)
all of the above
9
On the frontiers of the American West, the primary form of justice was the
A)
sheriff system
B)
constable-watch system
C)
tithing
D)
vigilantism
10
The earliest advocates of professionalism in policing argued for
A)
greater cooperation between politicians and police
B)
training and education of police officers
C)
opening the ranks of police officers to all interested adult citizens
D)
all of the above
11
Changes made by reformers in the early 20th century included
A)
narrowing the police function to only law enforcement
B)
centralization of authority
C)
creation of specialized units
D)
all of the above
12
Four blue-ribbon commissions studied the police in the 1960s and recommended
A)
loosening restrictions on who could be a police officer
B)
intensive training at police academies so that officers would not require further training
C)
continuous training of officers
D)
increased use of aggressive patrol
13
The number of full-time sworn officers employed by public law enforcement agencies in the United States is approximately
A)
19,000
B)
400,000
C)
780,000
D)
1.2 million
14
Which of the following is
not
a function performed by local police?
A)
law enforcement
B)
corrections
C)
order maintenance or peacekeeping
D)
service
15
An issue facing the private security industry is
A)
the legal status and authority of private security officers is not clear cut
B)
are police officers working as private security guards considered public police or private security personnel?
C)
lack of training and qualifications
D)
all of the above
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