Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Chapter 9: Surface Water

Multiple Choice Quiz

1
__________ is the measure of the volume of stream water that flows over a certain location over a given amount of time.
A)discharge
B)runoff
C)velocity
D)bed load
2
Look at the data in the graph, showing how the water quality has changed in Lake Smith over forty years. What is the most likely explanation for this trend?
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A)Higher phosphate and nitrogen levels suggest it was damaged by fertilizers.
B)The falling population of largemouth bass indicate that too much fishing has occurred on this lake.
C)Lower oxygen levels indicate that too many fish were living in the lake.
D)The dropping pH levels indicate that acid rain has been plaguing the region.
3
Look at the figure showing a map of the Souris River valley. What kind of valley is it?
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A)broad
B)narrow
C)steep
D)v-shaped
4
Look at the map. Which city is most likely to see an increase in eutrophication in its lakes?
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A)Madison
B)Springfield
C)Indianapolis
D)Lansing
5
Many lakes in agricultural regions are eutrophic due to __________.
A)reduced amounts of animal waste
B)excessive sunlight
C)minimal algae growth
D)excessive nutrients
6
The graph shows the discharge of a river flowing through two cities. A discharge of 3.5 thousand cubic meters per second or more will cause the river to flood. Which city saw more flooding in March 1999?
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A)Frankston
B)They both saw the same amount.
C)Wet Gulch
D)neither one flooded
7
The graph shows the discharge of a river flowing through two cities. Which city experiences a greater carrying capacity in its portion of the river?
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A)The carrying capacity of this river is 0.
B)They both have the same carrying capacities.
C)Wet Gulch
D)Frankston
8
The renewed downcutting of a streambed is called __________.
A)erosion
B)rejuvenation
C)deposition
D)eutrophication
9
Water moves at the maximum velocity in the __________ of a straight stream and the __________ of a meander.
A)center, outside
B)side, outside
C)center, inside
D)bottom, bottom
10
What are large particles that are rolled or pushed on the bed of the stream called?
A)bed load
B)discharge
C)runoff
D)suspended load
11
What do USGS gauging stations directly measure?
A)discharge of a stream
B)amount of dissolved material
C)water levels of streams
D)quality of watersheds
12
What is the name for the land area that separates two watersheds?
A)an island
B)a divide
C)a peninsula
D)a stream bank
13
What is the relative speed of the stream shown in the figure?
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A)slow
B)standstill
C)fast
D)very fast
14
What process adds oxygen to a lake?
A)breathing of animals
B)photosynthesis of plants
C)decay of plants
D)decay of animals
15
Which combination of characteristics allows the greatest amount of water to infiltrate into the ground?
A)low slopes, clay-rich soils, and hot temperatures
B)little slopes, sandy soils, and cool temperatures
C)steep slopes, sandy soil, and hot temperatures
D)steep slopes, silty soils, and cool temperatures
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