Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Chapter 11: Atmosphere

Multiple Choice Quiz

1
What type of gas found in Earth's atmosphere absorbs UV radiation from the Sun?
A)argon
B)carbon dioxide
C)water vapor
D)ozone
2
Wind can be thought of as air moving from an area of __________ to an area of __________.
A)high pressure, low temperature
B)low density, high density
C)high pressure, low pressure
D)low pressure, high pressure
3
What layer of the atmosphere contains most of the water vapor?
A)thermosphere
B)troposphere
C)tropopause
D)stratopause
4
In what layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer?
A)stratosphere
B)troposphere
C)mesosphere
D)thermosphere
5
__________ is the transfer of energy that occurs when molecules collide.
A)Abrasion
B)Conduction
C)Convection
D)Radiation
6
Why is the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere important?
A)It is the source of clouds, rain, and snow.
B)It changes with the seasons.
C)It helps regulate the amount of energy the atmosphere absorbs.
D)It makes up such a small amount that it isn't very important.
7
According to the figure, how much of the Sun's radiation doesn't even reach Earth's surface?
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A)6 percent
B)25 percent
C)35 percent
D)31 percent
8
The change of state of matter from a gas to a liquid is called __________.
A)conduction
B)advection
C)condensation
D)convection
9
Why does the temperature of air decrease in the lower atmosphere with the increase of elevation?
A)due to convection currents
B)The air has reached the dew point.
C)Clouds block incoming radiation from the Sun.
D)The air is farther from the heat source.
10
What is an increase in temperature with height in an atmospheric layer called?
A)a temperature gradient
B)conduction
C)a temperature inversion
D)normal temperature
11
__________ is a measurement of how fast or slow molecules move.
A)Temperature
B)Humidity
C)Heat
D)Dew point
12
What is the process by which cloud droplets collide and form larger droplets?
A)radiation
B)advection
C)coalescence
D)convection
13
What type of solid particles play a role in cloud formation?
A)extraterrestrial particles
B)organic particles
C)dust and salt particles
D)clay particles
14
When condensation takes place, __________ is released and __________ the air.
A)latent particles, warms
B)latent energy, cools
C)latent heat, decreases the temperature of
D)latent heat, warms
15
Scientists are concerned about the decrease in ozone in the upper atmosphere primarily because ozone protects life on Earth by absorbing certain wavelengths of _________ .
A)X-ray radiation
B)ultraviolet radiation
C)infrared radiation
D)microwave radiation
16
The burning of fossil fuels has the greatest and most direct impact on the __________ .
A)rock cycle
B)water cycle
C)carbon cycle
D)nitrogen cycle
17
Which occurs during a temperature inversion?
A)Cold air rises, and warm air sinks.
B)Warm air rises, and cold air sinks.
C)A layer of cooler air lies over a relatively cool layer of air.
D)A layer of warmer air lies over a cool layer of air.
18
Seventy-eight percent of the atmosphere is composed of which gas?
A)argon
B)nitrogen
C)oxygen
D)carbon dioxide
19
What percentage of the incoming solar radiation that reaches Earth is reflected back into space?
A)10%
B)20%
C)30%
D)50%
20
Most of the energy radiated back into space from Earth is which part of the electromagnetic spectrum?
A)ultraviolet
B)infrared
C)violet
D)red
21
What causes circulation cells to develop in the atmosphere?
A)Warm air sinks in clouds as cold air rises.
B)Higher pressure in the upper atmosphere forces warm air to the surface.
C)The Sun's rays heat the upper atmosphere most, and the heat transfers to the surface.
D)Heat at the surface transfers to the atmosphere.
22
What is the transfer of heat by vertical movements of air masses called?
A)conduction
B)radiation
C)subduction
D)convection
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