Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Chapter 23: The Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic Eras

Chapter Tests Practice-English

1
The __________ of an area is its ancient geographic setting.
A)morphology
B)paleogeography
C)geology
D)paleoecology
2
What type of process is demonstrated in the figure?
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A)aggression
B)subgression
C)transgression
D)regression
3
A vertical sequence of limestone-shale-sandstone is evidence of __________.
A)a regression
B)a transgression
C)an orogenic event
D)a passive margin
4
For what is the Mesozoic commonly known?
A)the Age of Reptiles
B)the Age of Humans
C)the Age of the First Mammals
D)the Permo-Triassic Extinction age
5
How did the Himalaya mountains form?
A)a continent-to-continent collision
B)an oceanic plate that was subducted under a continental plate
C)uplifted normal fault blocks
D)hot spot activity
6
How do scientists distinguish between mammals and reptile fossils?
A)the presence or absence of a wishbone
B)by their hip-bones and the shape of their teeth
C)by the shape of the teeth, number of ear bones, and the number of lower jawbones
D)the ear bone structure only
7
Reptiles evolved from amphibians and developed __________.
A)a jaw with fewer teeth
B)better vision
C)an amniotic egg
D)a more-developed hip-bone
8
The __________ is a famous sedimentary deposit containing fossils with hardparts and also preserved softparts from the Cambrian Period.
A)Cambrian Shale
B)Cyclothem
C)Burgess Sandstone
D)Burgess Shale
9
The last major orogeny in western North America was characterized by __________.
A)vertical uplifts
B)folding
C)low-angle faults and folds
D)igneous intrusions
10
Use the figures to place the following organisms in order from least recent to most recent.
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A)Ager, Gonioteuthis, Crateraster
B)Aeger, Crateraster, Gonioteuthis
C)Gonioteuthis, Aeger, Crateraster
D)Crateraster, Aeger, Gonioteuthis
11
What causes the type of sedimentation shown at the far right of the figure?
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A)carbonate-rich sediments
B)clay-rich sediments
C)gravel-rich sediments
D)sand-rich sediments
12
What event occurs when sea level falls and the shoreline moves seaward?
A)an orogenic event
B)a regression
C)a transgression
D)an active margin
13
What is a rudist?
A)a reef-building coral that evolved at the end of the Triassic Period
B)an asymmetic clam that built reefs during the Cretaceous Period
C)a photosynthetic phytoplankton that evolved during the Mesozic Era
D)the base of the food chain in Mesozoic oceans
14
What is a sauropod dinosaur?
A)one type of saurischian dinosaur
B)a quadrupedal dinosaur
C)a herbivorous dinosaur
D)all of the above
15
What is the modern fauna?
A)marine organisms that evolved during the Mesozoic Era
B)marine organisms such as bony fishes, aquatic reptiles, sharks, and aquatic mammals
C)marine organisms such as crabs, lobsters, snails, and clams
D)all of the above
16
What mountain-building event was the result of an ocean-continental collision during the Middle Ordovician?
A)Larimide Orogeny
B)Acadian Orogeny
C)Antler Orogeny
D)Taconic Orogeny
17
What theory may explain the mass extinction event at the end of the Mesozic Era?
A)the Big Bang theory
B)the theory of evolution
C)the theory of plate tectonics
D)the meteorite impact theory
18
What was the most important development of plants during the Devonian?
A)photosynthesis
B)seeds
C)food
D)roots
19
When was the northern hemisphere ice age?
A)the late Pleistocene only
B)the Miocene and early Pleistocene
C)the late Pliocene through the Pleistocene
D)the Holocene only
20
Which vertical sequence is evidence of a transgression?
A)limestone-basalt-shale
B)sandstone-limestone-sandstone
C)sandstone-shale-limestone
D)limestone-shale-sandstone
21
Why are ammonites good index fossils of the Mesozoic Era?
A)Ammonites were abundant and diverse throughout the Mesozoic and became extinct at the end of the Mesozoic.
B)Ammonite species were short lived.
C)Ammonites shells were spread over large geographic areas.
D)all of the above
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