Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Chapter 25: Energy Resources

Standardized Test Practice-English

1
Where does most energy on Earth come from?
A)the Sun
B)the Moon
C)the decay of radioactive elements
D)coal
2
A(n) __________ is a model that shows how energy from the Sun is used by producers and consumers
A)environment
B)food chain
C)traditional fuel
D)ecosystem
3
Many different types of fossil fuels exist, but they all originated from __________
A)metamorphism and partial decomposition of plants
B)anthracite coal
C)ocean sediments
D)organic matter trapped in sedimentary rocks
4
What type of coal burns the most efficiently?
A)bituminous
B)anthracite
C)peat
D)lignite
5
What are fuels?
A)food produced by photosynthesis
B)plants only
C)consumers in an ecosystem
D)materials burned to produce heat or power
6
Which part of this diagram keeps all the fuel contained?
A)D
B)C
C)A
D)B
7
What type of bacteria can partially break down organic matter in low-oxygen environments?
A)aerobic bacteria
B)methane
C)anaerobic bacteria
D)phytoplankton
8
How can coal be classified?
A)geologic period during which it formed
B)amount of pressure and time for formation
C)temperature of formation
D)type of biomass
9
Energy produced by water pushing against turbines is called __________
A)hydroelectric
B)solar
C)fossil fuel
D)geothermal
10
__________ is the process in which a heavy nucleus divides to form smaller nuclei, one or two neutrons, and a large amount of energy
A)Nuclear fission
B)Radioactive decay
C)Nuclear fusion
D)Nuclear reaction
11
What modern instrument converts wind to mechanical energy?
A)a wind turbine
B)a dam
C)a solar panel
D)an anemometer
12
Which is an example of an alternative source of energy?
A)peat
B)coal
C)wood
D)solar
13
The energy stored in fossil fuels originally came from ________
A)Earth's core
B)gravity
C)fusion reactions in the Sun
D)fission reactions in the Sun
14
The solar energy stored in green plants is the primary energy source for _______
A)chemical reactions in the soil
B)animal life
C)carnivorous plants
D)all the above
15
What are the primary sources of the energy that drive the movement of matter among reservoirs?
A)solar and geothermal energy
B)the Sun and plants
C)animals and the solid earth
D)plants and animals
16
Which force is most directly responsible for the creation of fossil fuels?
A)displacement
B)erosion
C)pressure
D)tectonic activity
17
Movement of carbon from the geosphere to the atmosphere can be accomplished by ________
A)combustion
B)photosynthesis
C)respiration
D)all of the above
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