1 Comets are bodies that are __________ that orbit __________.A) ice and rock, the Sun B) helium gas, the Sun C) icy, each planet D) larger than Earth, Earth 2 The eccentricity of a perfect circle is __________ and a very elongated ellipse is __________.A) zero, one B) nearly zero, one C) zero, nearly one D) one, zero 3 The inner four planets of our solar system are called the __________ planets and the next four are called the __________ planets.A) terrestrial, gas giant B) rocky, gas-like C) hard, soft D) gas giant, terrestrial 4 The objects that eventually formed planets by colliding and merging are called __________.A) stars B) asteroids C) planetesimals D) solar nebula 5 Use the table to determine the largest terrestrial planet. (10.0K)A) Venus B) Mars C) Mercury D) Earth 6 Use the table to determine the smallest gas giant planet.
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A) Neptune B) Saturn C) Jupiter D) Uranus 7 What are Jupiter's moons composed of?A) iron and ice B) sulfuric acid C) hydrogen and helium D) rock and ice 8 What are the three labeled parts of the comet shown in the figure? (18.0K)A) ice core, cloud, fan B) corona, nucleus, end C) head, cone, tail D) coma, nucleus, tail 9 What causes Uranus' blue appearance?A) the vast oceans B) surfuric acid in its atmosphere C) the ammonia ice droplets D) the methane in its atmosphere 10 What explains why the Sun governs the motion of all planets in our solar system?A) the law of universal gravitation B) Kepler's third law C) retrograde motion of planets D) telescopic observations of the planets 11 What is Olympus Mons?A) a scarp on Mercury B) a composite volcano on Venus C) a large shield volcano on Mars D) one of Mars' moons 12 What is the distance between the Sun and Earth called?A) 1 astronomical unit B) 1 mile C) 1 year D) 1 light year 13 What shape describes the orbits of the planets?A) an ellipse B) a line C) a sphere D) a circle 14 When a planet is closest to the Sun it is at __________.A) an epicycle B) aphelion C) 1 AU D) perihelion 15 Where are most asteroids located?A) orbiting all planets B) between Mars and Jupiter C) outside of Pluto's orbit D) between Earth and Venus 16 Which planets in the figure are similar in composition to the sun? (26.0K)A) 1-4 and 9 B) 5 through 8 C) 9 D) 1 through 4 17 Which planets in the figure have solid surfaces? (26.0K)A) 9 B) 5 through 8 C) 1-4 and 9 D) 1 through 4 18 Why can't astronomers directly observe the surface of Venus without landing probes on the surface?A) The surface is covered by thick clouds. B) Venus has a high albedo. C) Venus has a clockwise spin. D) The surface is covered by thick ice sheets. 19 Why does Jupiter have a banded appearance?A) due to it's four moons B) its rings C) the Great Red Spot causes the bands D) flow patterns in its atmosphere